1. GOOD BUDDIES
ACTIVITY

2. Ecological Relationships “IN” QUESTION
What type of relationship exists between the two animals in the cartoon?
Explain your answer
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3. 4-2 What Shapes an Ecosystem?
Photo Credit: ©Michael Fogden/DRK PHOTO
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4. Biotic and Abiotic Factors
Habitat: area where an organism lives and includes both biotic and abiotic factors.
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The Niche
The Niche
Niche: the way which an organism lives and its role in the environment
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6. Community Interactions
What interactions occur within communities?
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7. Community Interactions
Competition
Between SAME and DIFFERENT kinds of organisms Compete with each other for available resources
A resource is any necessity of life, such as water, nutrients, light, food, or space.
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8. Community Interactions
Competition
FOOD:
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9. Community Interactions
Competition
SHELTER:
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10. Community Interactions
Competition
MATES:
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11. Community Interactions
Competition
SPACE/TERRITORY:
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12. Community Interactions
Competition
LIGHT:
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13. Community Interactions
Direct competition: results in a winner and a loser—with the losing organism failing to survive.
Competitive exclusion principle: no two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same time.
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14. Community Interactions
The distribution of these warblers avoids direct competition, because each species feeds in a different part of the tree. 18 12
Feeding height (m)
Cape May Warbler
Each of these warbler species has a different niche in its spruce tree habitat. By feeding in different areas of the tree, the birds avoid competing with one another for food.
Bay-Breasted Warbler 6
Yellow-Rumped Warbler
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15. Community Interactions
Predation
An interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism.
Predator: organism that does the killing and eating
Prey: food organism being eaten
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17. Community Interactions
Symbiosis
Any relationship in which two species live closely together.
Symbiotic relationships include:
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism
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18. Community Interactions
Mutualism: both species benefit from the relationship.
“Good for me - Good for you”
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19. Community Interactions
Commensalism: one benefits and the other is neither helped nor harmed.
“Good for me - Doesn’t bother you”
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20. Community Interactions
Parasitism: one organism lives on or inside another organism and harms it.
“Good for me - Hurts you”
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