1. What FOUR components do ALL cells have?
Cytoplasm
DNA
Cell Membrane
Ribosomes

2. What are some differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic: NO Nucleus, NO Membrane Bound Organelles, Simple structure
Eukaryotic: HAS a nucleus, has membrane bound organelles, complex structures

3. You know an organism is Prokaryotic if it lacks a…
NUCLEUS (Nuclei)

4. Describe the shape of DNA in… eukaryotic cells…? prokaryotic cells…?
Eukaryotic Cells: Linear located inside the nucleus
Prokaryotic Cells: Circular shape located in the cytoplasm

5. Why can prokaryotic cells divide (reproduce) faster than Eukaryotic cells?
Because Eukaryotic cells are more structurally complex
(have membrane bound organelles)

6. What does the endosymbiotic theory state?
Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells when a bacteria cell engulfed (ate) another prokaryotic cell

7. What does semipermeable mean?
Allowing certain substances to enter or leave the cell
***Can also be written as selectively permeable***

8. Which type of cells have a cell membrane?
BOTH Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

9. What are the two functions of the cell membrane?
Regulates what goes in and out of the cell
Protects the cell

10. Name some components of a cell membrane…
Phospholipid Bilayer
Proteins
Cholesterol
Carbohydrates

11. What is an example of a solute?
Sugar and Salt

12. What is an example of a solvent?
Water

13. What is the function of the cytoplasm?
The jelly-like fluid that suspends cellular structures in place

14. Which direction will the water move in this diagram?
What will happen to the shape of the cell?
40% solute
60% solute
Water will move INTO the cell and it will swell (get bigger)

15. What is Passive Transport? (3 things)
1.Movement of Molecules from high to low concentration,
2. Moves with the concentration gradient
3. Requires no energy

16. What are the THREE types of passive transport?
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Osmosis

17. Define Diffusion What types of molecules would move this way?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentrations
Small Molecules Ex: Gases (Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide)

18. Large Molecules Ex: Glucose
Define Facilitated Diffusion What type of molecules would move this way?
Movement of molecules from high to low concentrations utilizing a channel protein
Large Molecules Ex: Glucose

19. Define Osmosis What are the ONLY molecules that move this way?
Movement of WATER from high to low concentrations
ONLY WATER

20. They are smaller in size
Why are some molecules able to pass thru the cell membrane more quickly?
They are smaller in size

21. What is active transport? (3 things)
Movement of molecules from low to high concentration
Moves against the concentration gradient
REQUIRES ENERGY

22. What are the three types of active transport?
Protein Pumps Ex: Sodium (Na) and Potassium(K) Pump
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

23. Molecules will move across the membrane in BOTH directions
What happens when the concentration of molecules is the same on both sides?
Molecules will move across the membrane in BOTH directions

24. taking bulky material into a cell “cell eating”
Define Endocytosis:
taking bulky material into a cell
“cell eating”

25. Define Exocytosis: Forces material out of cell in bulk
Hormones or wastes released (exiting) from cell