1. Transtheoretical Model
Stages of Change Theory

2. Change Theory
Changing behavior is difficult
Examples?

3. Change Theory Typical influences used to promote health:
Social (peer pressure, policy changes)
Biological (nicotine replacement)
In Stages of Change Theory, influence occurs from within
Behavior modification occurs in stages, over time
These stages describe an individual’s attitude toward the change

4. Stage One: Precontemplation
Represents those individuals who have no desire to change behaviors in immediate future
Some in this stage are unaware of behavior
Some aware of behavior consequences but continue anyway
Rationalizing makes sense
Previous failures at behavior modification

5. Precontemplation: The Four R’s
Reluctance
Not fully conscious of behavior’s impact
May not think change will result in positive outcome
Rebellion
May be due to prolonged fears
Adolescence
Resignation
Lack of energy to change
Overwhelmed over amount of perceived effort needed to change
Rationalization
Excuses

6. Stage Two: Contemplation
Intent to change behavior within six months
Six-month term based upon behavior modification research
Individual is aware of the desired behavior
Benefits
Barriers (finances, time, support)
Planned change is based on interpretation of benefits and barriers

7. Stage Three: Preparation
Serious consideration of behavior change within 30 days
Previous attempts to change (smoking cessation for a week, e.g.)
Here, the individual is most ready for change

8. Stage Four: Action A distinct change in behavior occurs
Change is consistent
Visible
Receives the most recognition
Requires the greatest commitment
Relapse common in this stage

9. Stage Five: Maintenance
Should be at least six months after the behavior change, may last for years
The changed behavior will dictate amount of time needed in this stage
Major changes will probably require more time
Minor changes, will probably require less time
Individual’s self-efficacy is highest at this stage

10. Stage Six: Termination
Behavior change has been permanently adopted
100% self-efficacy
No temptation to relapse
Often, a more realistic goal is permanent maintenance
Termination difficult to achieve

11. Can You Identify the Stage?
Steve wants to meet more people, so he enrolls in a travel class. Class begins next week
Natty began an exercise program eight months ago and continues to participate

12. Can You Identify the Stage?
Tatiana is told by her family she consumes too much alcohol, but she doesn’t feel there is a problem
Mark wants to reduce his negative stress. He investigates possible therapists through his insurance company and has begun to research stress on the internet.

13. Stage Model: Applied to You
Changes you acknowledge you need/want
Changes you are undergoing
Changes you have made
Changes you do not yet know about