1. MEDICAL PARASITOLOGY & ENTOMOLOGY
LECTURER:
SR. NORAZSIDA RAMLI

2. Intestinal Ciliates Phylum: Ciliophora Class: Kinetofragminophora
Genus: Balantidium
Species: coli

3. The only pathogenic intestinal ciliate.
The largest intestinal protozoan.
Causing gastroenteritis in man.
Have 2 stages: trophozoite, cyst.

4. Trophozoite 30-100µm by 30-80µm Very large ovoid shape.
Large bean-shaped macronucleus.
Small spherical micronucleus.
Numerous cilia.
Cytostome/cytopyge.

5. Balantidium coli

7. Cyst
45-65µm by 30-80µm
Oval or spherical shape.
Large macronucleus.

9. Life cycle

10. Life cycle

12. Transmission Transmitted by the fecal-oral route, Reservoir host: pig
Infected food handlers may be implicated in the spread of this disease.

13. Pathogenesis Symptoms: abdominal pains, bloody diarrhea.
Severe cases: abscesses and ulcers in the mucosa and sub-mucosa of the large intestine, amebic dysentery.
Chronic infection – some cases r asymptomatic.
Extra intestinal infections in the liver, lungs and other organs.

14. Diagnosis
Microscopy examination – by examining stool specimens by wet prep and permanently stained smears.

15. Treatment Take antimicrobial agents such as: Tetracycline
Metronidazole
Iodoquinol

16. Prevention Practice good personal hygiene.
Have a proper sanitary condition.
Take caution in dealing with pigs.