1. Inclusion and Recreation

2. Definitions Pluralism Race Multiracial
condition of a society in which numerous distinct ethnic, religious, or cultural groups co-exist within one nation
Race
group of people having genetically transmitted characteristics
Multiracial
more than one race
Our society is pluralistic
Race--hair color, skin, eyes, facial features, height and body type
Multiracial--specific issues of identity

3. Definitions Ethnicity Minority socially transmitted
membership in a group sharing a common ancestral heritage
biological, cultural, social, and psychological domains of life
Mexican American--lean toward Mexican ethnicity or American ethnicity
Minority
smaller or fewer in number
A person may be a minority in one setting and not another
Ethnicity--biological, cultural, social, and psychological domains of life
Mexican American--lean toward Mexican ethnicity or American ethnicity
Minority--avoid because a person may be a minority in one setting and not another; try to be more precise
Culture--learned behavior; subcultures; Fast and Furious
gender, lifestyle, social class, education, disability, region of country, part of city

4. Definitions
Culture
pattern of beliefs, values, and behaviors that is socially transmitted from generation to generation through the spoken and written word, the use of certain objects, customs and traditions
learned behavior

5. Entering a new culture Assimilation Accommodation
process by which individuals absorb, learn, acquire, and integrate the overt and covert cultural characteristics of the host culture
assimilation
Accommodation
groups accept what fits comfortably or meets a need, while resisting aspects of the culture that cause discomfort
Some people maintain some aspects of their culture (dress, language, values)
Acculturation and assimilation are the same
Cultural differences can be visible and invisible
Accommodation--some people maintain some aspects of their culture (dress, language, values)

6. Definitions Diversity Cultural diversity Stigma difference; variety
differences among cultures
how differences must be viewed if understanding is to be accomplished
Stigma
an attitude by others that the individual is marked, tainted, or discounted (scars, tattoos, addictions)
Diversity--how do we recognize differences and still recognize similarities?
Stigma--abominations of the body--scars, tattoos
blemishes of character--addiction, HIV
tribal stigma--family, race, religion

7. Global Village – Technological interactions make an understanding of cultures and customs more important

8. What does ethnicity really mean for programming
When working with an ethnicity you are unfamiliar with: don’t impose your beliefs, find someone who can educate you.
Be aware of individuals in your program that might come from different backgrounds
Try to bring diversity to your programs

9. So what? Know your biases Know your participants Know your community
Examine your language
families (what is a family?)
Single family home, Step parents
Same sex couples
home (where is home?)
Country of origin

10. Questions
What do you do when your rules infringe on another person’s beliefs?
What is the “melting pot” analogy?
What is the “salad bowl” analogy?

12. In order to assist people in becoming involved in recreation/leisure activities, one must be aware of what opportunities or possible opportunities exist within the neighborhood and community (Center on Human Policy, 1990; Center for Urban Affairs and Policy Research, 1988).
This involves:
finding out about use of various neighborhood and community places (who uses them, when, for what purposes);
finding out about local organizations and associations (where and when do they meet, what does it mean to be a member, etc.);
finding out where people go and what people do who are of various ages, genders, racial/ethnic groups, religious affiliations, share similar interests, and so forth. .

13. This type of information can be gathered through means such as: observation of people and settings, through spending time in the neighborhood; reading community newspapers, bulletin boards, and directories; and talking to a variety of people who know something about the neighborhood and/or community

14. Model of Inclusive Recreation
Develop resource base
Address personal attitudes
Obtain specific information
Develop necessary adaptations
Implement program
Evaluate process
Sugerman, 2001

15. Inclusion Recognize we are one yet different
Creative chances for others to experience freedom to participate**
Value each person and value diversity
Support participation**
Dattilo (2002)

16. Creative chances for others to experience freedom to participate
Acceptance
Openness
Additional spotters
Construction changes
Special equipment
Brainstorm
Bridges CC.wmv

17. Support participation
Physical barriers
Attitudinal barriers
Verbal prompts
Choice

18. Challenge by Choice Establish personal goals
only attempt challenges which he/she feels are appropriate
Determine how much of an element to attempt
Informed decision making
Carlson & Evans, 2001

19. Challenge by Choice & Inclusion
Personal goals
All goals are accepted
Amount to complete
Any amount is accepted
Informed decision making
Ethical honesty