1. Community RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
(DCE3411)
Associate Prof. Dr. Roziah Mohd Rasdi
Dept. of Professional Development & Continuing Education
Faculty of Educational Studies
Universiti Putra Malaysia

2. SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS

3. Objectives of Situational Analysis
What is the profile of the community?
What is the problem of the community?
What is the suitable program for the community?

4. What is your role (as an outsider and planner) in the program?
Who should be involved as the Working Committee of the program?
What is the goal of the proposed CD program?

5. Profile of community
Community structure in terms of history, and general backgrounds such as total population
Demographic characteristics such as population groups according to age, ethnicity and gender
Social structure e.g. social institutions / organization, leadership, education

6. Economic status, such as occupation, trade and commerce activities
Rural setting, agriculture setting, production and resource use
The availability of various types of resources (infrastructure, natural, human, mobilizable resources, and assets of community)
After knowing the profile, problems and needs are identified

7. Based on problems and needs, program is planned in order to overcome the problem and to fulfill community’s needs
If there are many problems, the solutions should be based on prioritization
One way to do prioritization is based on needs theory of Maslow, in which problems that are related to basic needs (foods, shelter, clothing, health, income and education) should be tackled first

8. Formation of Working Committee
Comprises representatives from the organizing institution, sponsor, subject-matter specialist, researcher, community leaders, and target groups
Goals of Working Committee
To plan activities and directions
To divide tasks according to specialization
To get legitimization from the various sections of the community

9. To have cohesive decision making about the program
To ensure meaningful participation
To have cohesive decision making about the program
To ensure success of the program because working group provides leadership
E.g. : Working Committee of a health program consists of:
Doctors, district medical officer, specialist, nurses, researcher, VDSC members, and several individuals from the community, and business representatives

10. What is community need?
Need is the strategy (process) how to overcome community’s problem
There are 4 ways to understand community’s needs:
Based on Maslow’s hierarchy of needs
i.e. basic needs must be approached
first

11. Normative need: Standards (e.g. income RM2000/month)
Gap – normative need
Existing
(e.g.income RM1000/month)

12. Process of CD (informal education) is
iii.
Unfelt need Felt need
(unrecognized (community
needs due to is aware of
ignorance or the necessity)
low education)
Process of CD (informal education) is
responsible to transform unfelt to felt need

13. By comparing the characteristics of two groups of community A B
Comparative need
By comparing the characteristics of two groups of community
A B
Classified as Classified as
having higher SES having lower SES
(more advanced) (less advanced)
Therefore, community B needs similar CD services
e.g. receiving
services
e.g. not
receiving
services