1. The Rise Of Nationalism in the “era of good feelings”

2. Nationalism What is nationalism?
The glorification of one’s nation
Why again, is there this surge in nationalism?
“Victory” in War of 1812 – unite people
Federalists are dying out
Loss of leadership
Seen as defeatists
D-Rs take their ideals
Movement towards a one-party system

3. James Monroe (D-R) elected in 1816 with 68%

4. Monroe is re-elected in 1820 with ~100%

5. James Monroe 1817-1825, D-R A “man of moderation”
Flexible
Favored de-Federalization
No higher offices for Federalists
Pragmatic
Put rivals in cabinet
Like Washington, he disliked political parties

6. Judicial Nationalism under John Marshall
Marbury v. Madison (1803)
Judicial Review
McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
A state cannot tax a federal agency… federal law is supreme to state law
US has right to establish Bank even if Constitution does not say so - do what is “necessary and proper” to carry out powers granted to government.
Cohens v. Virginia (1821)
Can hear cases dealing with state legislation involving powers of the federal government
Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)
Upheld congressional power to regulate commerce between states

7. Judicial Nationalism under John Marshall
Fletcher v. Peck (1810)
Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)
Both upheld Constitutional protection of contracts against state encroachment
Win for business?
Looking at past cases, how did they reflect nationalism?

8. What about Economic Policies?
What did Henry Clay’s “American System” economic program entail?
Protective Tariffs – get Tariff of 1816
Internal Improvements – building new roads and canals to link states together
Establish Second Bank of US (first had expired in 1811)
Purpose: establish paper currency, manage and invest government finances, regulate private and state banks.
Also, get the Land Act of 1820 b/c Panic of 1819
How does each of these policies promote nationalism?

9. Henry Clay’s American System
Food stuffs to feed workers
NE Manufactured Goods
Manufactured goods
West Food Stuffs
Manufactured goods
Raw materials to cities
Migration
South Raw Materials

10. Cultural Nationalism influenced art and literature
Literature – American Renaissance
Express Nationalist spirit and pride in potential
James Fenimore Cooper – first American to make career as a novelist. Author of Last of the Mohicans
Art – Hudson River School
Group of landscape painters who used realistic detail to depict America’s beautiful landscape.

15. Foreign Affairs
Treaty of 1818 – British and Americans share Oregon

16. Adams-Onis Treaty (1821)
Sets boundary between US and New Spain and US gets Florida

17. The Monroe Doctrine Formulated by Adams, Secretary of State Why?
Monarchies of Europe want to make world safe from democracy – Holy Alliance
Spain wants them to help regain its territories in Latin America. US wants to protect “sister republics”
Russian expansion in Alaska and Pacific Coast

18. The Monroe Doctrine What does it basically say?
No part of America is open to further European colonization
If Europe tries to interfere with any governments in the hemisphere then considered unfriendly acts
US will not interfere with existing European colonies
US not interfere in affairs of Europe

19. Underlying Regional Differences
Missouri Territory applied for statehood in 1819
Why is this a problem?
Equal number of slave and free states. Missouri would tip the balance in the Senate.
Henry Clay – Missouri Compromise (1820)
Missouri will enter as Slave
Northern district of Massachusetts would become Maine and enter as free
For future states, set 36°30′ line across continent – south would be slave and north would be free

20. Long term or short term fix?