1. Nanotechnology, Role of Networks
Professor Mamoun Muhammed
Department of Functional Materials
Director, Nano characterization Centre
Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm
Ex-Chairman, Egypt National Committee on Advanced Materials
4th Arab conference for Industrial Information and Networks.
Riyadh, KSA December , 2009

2. I B M
NANO-TECH

3. What is Nanotechnology?
An academic discipline?
A philosophy?
A disruptive technology?
A special partnership?
A field?
An integrated technology?
A technology concept?
An evolutionary process
An over-hyped
word?
NANO
A degree program?
A platform?
A size range?
An interdisciplinary science?
A science based on size?
An arena?
A concept?
An enabling technology?
A horizontal technology?
A vertical industrial sector?
The next industrial revolution?
Profits

4. Definition
USA Agencies calls it “Nanotechnology" if it involves all the following
Research and technology development, or products regulated by FDA, that are at the atomic, molecular or macromolecular levels, and where at least one dimension, that affects the functional behavior of the product, is in the length scale range of nm
2. Creating and using structures, devices and systems that have novel properties and functions because of their small and/or intermediate size.
3. Ability to control or manipulate at the atomic scale.

5. The Colors of Gold

6.
IM2655 Intro to nanotech

8. Quantum Confinement Example: CdSe
Intensity (a.u.)
Wavelength (nm)
D = 1 nm
D = 5 nm

10. Mechanical Properties Hardness increases using Nano-grains
copper
Hard material

11. Nanostructured Materials in Aircraft Gas Turbine Engines

12. Materials Properties to
NANO MATERIALS
Films (multilayers)
Electronics
Nanostructuring
Tailoring of
Materials Properties to
Specific
Applications
Energy
Polycrystalline
Catalysis
Nanocomposites
Biomedical
Data Storage
Patterned Structures
Environmental
Structural
Nano-Particles
Materials Chemistry

13. Nanomaterials’ Applications

14. Cosmetics Everyday Skin™ Penetrating Cream
Nanospheres release needed hydration to tough-to-treat areas like cracked heels and chapped hands while skin-sealing bioactives ensure continuous corrective action
Nano-in Deep Cleaning for make-up removal and exfoliation
Superior nano ZnO formula combined with state-of-the-art nano micelle technology to completely remove makeup and dead cells, leaving your skin clean, smooth, and fresh.
Nano-in Natural Environmental Cleaning
Agent   Wash Naturally and Eat Healthily
Nano micelle product containing natural glycerin can completely remove any pesticide residues on fruits/vegetable, and all the oil/dirt on cutlery.
Apagard® Oral Care Toothpaste
Nano Medical Hydroxyapatite
remineralizing toothpastes

15. Textiles Nano Silver Anti-odor

17. Smart air-cleaning paints (ecopaints)
Photo-catalysis for self-cleaning surfaces
British company Millennium Chemicals: (based in Grimsby) holds the patent for Ecopaint
In a typical 0.3-millimetre layer of Ecopaint, there will be enough calcium carbonate to last five years in a heavily polluted city. Polysiloxane is resistant to attack by titanium dioxide.
Europe-funded Photocatalytic Innovative Coverings Applications for Depollution Assessment programme (PICADA)

18. Environment: Water Purification
Ultra filtration membranes/mesh filters
Remove turbidity, bacteria, viruses, organics
Replace RO for lower pressure desalination
NanopowderAdsorbents
TiO2 or Magnetite for As, MnO for VOCs
Nanoporousceramic
bacteria attach and digest organics
Can be treated to remove Hg, heavy metals, PO4
Charged Nano Alumina Fibers
Nanosensors for the detection of contaminants
Nanocatalysts
ZnO nanorods for PC cleansing
Nanotechnology in Food & Agriculture Report;

19. Nanotechnology in the Food Industry
NANOFOOD: Food which has been cultivated, produced, processed or packaged using nanotechnology techniques or tools, or to which manufactured nanomaterials have been added.
Food formulations
Increase nutrients
Coatings and barriers
Controlled release of particles
Packaging and storage
NP containing milk package
Edible films
Nano Ag film
calcium silicate
Thermal insulation bags
Water-soluble shell to trap fat-soluble materials such as vitamins A and D, food additives…
Nanotechnology in Food & Agriculture Report;
T. Tarver. “Food Nanotechnology.” Food Technology Magazine. 2006, 60(11),

20. Optical Applications Smart Window
Needle shaped nanoparticles of polyiodides.
Suspended Particle Device, SPD
Developed by the company Research Frontiers
The electric field causes the particle material to polarize (induced electric dipoles)
• The induced electric dipoles interact and the particles align in chains which maximizes their attraction.

22. Magnetic Nanoparticles
Overview of Heparin, a general anticoagulant in organism
Nanomedicine
Liposomes
Magnetic Nanoparticles
Polymer
nanoparticles
Dendrimers
Fast and more efficient biosensors
Targeted drug delivery to specific cells
Novel cancer theraphy and hyperthermia treatments
Magnetic resonance imaging enhancement
Single cell study and bio- manipulation
Novel diagnostic tools for early stage detection of diseases
Nature Nanotechnology, 2007, 2, 22 22

23. Nanoelectronics - Nanomedicine
Nanotechnology
Nanoelectronics - Nanomedicine
Endocapsule
Intelligent Pill
Monitoring & Diagnostics
Drug delivery

24. The No – Nano Products

25. NANO – Activities A World-wide Outlook 2006/2007
400 Conferences / year (1 conf / day)
390 Books / year (1 book /day)
scientific papers / day
Publications: 1. USA 2. China 3. Japan (Korea: 7 or 8).
51 Countries have Nano- Initiatives
Several Countries (14) have Nano-Education
Programs (B.Sc. & Masters level)

26. `Nano´ publications (1998 – 2007)
128868
31305
7375
3064
3122
2749
1728
1667
1285
1285
954
527
All Arab Countries
All Arab Countries
All Arab Countries
All Arab Countries
All Arab Countries
All Arab Countries

28. Four Major “Nano” groups
1st Group: USA, Japan, Korea, Germany Leaders
- Scientific Potential
- High level of Government Funding
- Industrial applications
2nd Group: Singapore, Switzerland
- Small countries
- Good applications and
- Satisfactorily science
3rd Group: France, UK, Holland, Scandinavia, Many Europeans
- Good science
- not deep or good applications
4th Group China, Australia, Canada, Russia, India
- Not leaders but Coming up!!
- Doing interesting science

29. Funding of Nanotechnology Industry vs. Government
Total Government funding estimated several billions USD per year
Industry spending on Nano research expected to be times
Industry:
Short term results
Product development
Technology: if available Acquisition
Keep outlooks at Universities & research centers
Large industry have long term own research
Governments
Long term education and training
Infrastructure buildup
Training of new multidisciplinary scientists and engineers
Pre -competitive research

30. General Issues – I Motivation
Need for Networks
General Issues – I Motivation
Research costs are high
Limited funding
Human resources development needs long time efforts
Basic science vs. Applied science
(Scientific Research vs. Technology Development)
Research and Education are strongly coupled
(especially graduate education)
Building infrastructure in scientific research is a long term investment
R &T D is a high risk investment - low priority in AW
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

31. General Issues – II Governance: National level
Setting Priorities
Long term planning & commitment
Continuous follow up & evaluation
Benchmarking (International)
Involving several stake holders; Governments, Industry, Agencies
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

33. Networking: Benefits Networking (Database, meetings conferences, etc)
Regional - Pan Arab
Specialization
Synergism
Integration – complementarity
Long term commitment
Networking (Database, meetings conferences, etc)
Efficient communication
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

34. Arab Network on Nanotechnology
AR-Nano :
Arab Network on Nanotechnology
Established in 2007 by AIDMO and ASTF
Database (scientists, industry, research, etc.) (AIDMO)
Conference
Knowledge Based Industry and Nanotechnology, Doha, 2007
Dissemination (ASTF)

35. Networking : Next Concerted Efforts
Thematic Networking or clustering
Dedicated programs
“Virtual” Centers of Excellence
Long term goal: Center of Excellences
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

36. Concerted Efforts Networks of Excellence
Project funding
EU FP7 : 5-10% clustering and networking
AR-Nano Initiate dedicated programs

37. Suggested Action for Networking Programs ARNANO
Establish 2 – 3 concerted network programs
Compatible with national priorities
Have elements of regional or/and Arab-wide
Well defined goals – Milestones - Deliverables
Strong Leadership
International involvement
Rigorous follow-up and evaluation
Important outputs:
Strengthen on-going programs
Initiate new joint projects dedicated to specific problems
Human resources training & development
Science Development
Technology Development – commercialization.
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

38. C B A

39. Concerted Network Efforts Virtual Centers of Excellence
Quick and fast initiation and start
Dynamic
Sharing resources
Defined programs
no need to be geographically concentrated
Strongly connected
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

40. Concerted Efforts Centers of Excellence
Geographically located
Dedicated Brain-Power Centers
Thematic with several programs
Strong Leadership
Unique competences - State of the art instrumentations
Central Facilities (National/Arab-wide)
Strong International collaborations
Have commercialization strategies (SME, incubators, etc.)
Human resource development and training
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006

41. key element for success
Long term strategy/Commitment
key element for success
On the Issues and Problems of Scientific Research in the Arab World, Alex 14-15, 2006