1. Egypt and Nubia
Mr. Vidal

2. Trade in Ancient Egypt
Lots of fertile soil, but lacks resources like wood and minerals.
Get these resources through trade (commerce).
One trading partner on Nile, Nubia has ivory and gold that Egypt wants.
In return Egypt gives them grain and cotton.
Interdependence

3. Land of Nubia Nubia farms on Nile and has surplus like Egypt.
Less area to farm, less surplus/ occasional food shortage.
Cataracts on Nile forces Nubians to travel by foot.

4. Egypt Conquers Nubia Egypt wants more gold and conquers Nubia.
Nubia must pay Egypt gold, cattle, slaves and ivory. Tribute
After Ramses II rule Nubia regains independence.

5. Nubia Conquers Egypt Egypt is conquered city by city.
Nubia rules for 100 years.
Build temples that honor Nubian and Egyptian Gods.
Control ends after Nubia loses war with Assyria around 650 B.C.

6. Nubian Civilization
After regaining independence Nubia moves capital to Meroe, 591 B.C.
Meroe easier to defend- 1st ironworking center in Africa.
Built hundreds of pyramids
Queens called candaces.
Create Meroitic script- 1st alphabet.

7. Nubia Links to Outside World
Nubians traded with other African people, Greeks, Romans and India.
Bought ebony from West Africa.
Known throughout Mediterranean for metalworking skills.
Diminished in power around A.D. after war with Rome.