1. FIGURE 1 Study subjects. KNHANES, Korean NHANES; 25(OH)D3, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3.
From: Severe vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for renal hyperfiltration
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2. FIGURE 2 Association of eGFR and vitamin D concentrations (A)
FIGURE 2 Association of eGFR and vitamin D concentrations (A). The adjusted mean eGFR was calculated using a multivariable linear model, after adjustment for confounding variables (see Methods for details), and vitamin D concentrations were treated as a linear variable (n = 33,210). (B) The adjusted mean eGFR stratified according to vitamin D concentration using a general linear model after adjustment for possible confounding factors. The error bars represent 95% CIs of the adjusted mean, and asterisks indicate significant differences from the group with vitamin D sufficiency (P-trend <0.001). eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
From: Severe vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for renal hyperfiltration
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108(6): doi: /ajcn/nqy194
Am J Clin Nutr | © 2018 American Society for Nutrition.This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (

3. FIGURE 3 The prevalence of RHF according to groups with different vitamin D concentrations. RHF, renal hyperfiltration; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
From: Severe vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for renal hyperfiltration
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108(6): doi: /ajcn/nqy194
Am J Clin Nutr | © 2018 American Society for Nutrition.This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (

4. FIGURE 4 Association of serum vitamin D concentrations with ORs for RHF in fully adjusted logistic regression model using restricted cubic splines. Black line shows ORs, and dotted lines represent 95% CIs. RHF, renal hyperfiltration; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
From: Severe vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for renal hyperfiltration
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108(6): doi: /ajcn/nqy194
Am J Clin Nutr | © 2018 American Society for Nutrition.This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (

5. FIGURE 5 Adjusted ORs of RHF according to groups with different vitamin D concentrations. Black squares indicate ORs, and the error bars represent 95% CIs. *P < 0.001 compared with reference group. RHF, renal hyperfiltration; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.
From: Severe vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for renal hyperfiltration
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108(6): doi: /ajcn/nqy194
Am J Clin Nutr | © 2018 American Society for Nutrition.This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (

6. FIGURE 6 Forest plots for the subgroup analyses of RHF according to groups with different vitamin D concentrations. All models were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, history of hypertension or diabetes, hemoglobin, and LDL cholesterol. RHF, renal hyperfiltration.
From: Severe vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for renal hyperfiltration
Am J Clin Nutr. 2018;108(6): doi: /ajcn/nqy194
Am J Clin Nutr | © 2018 American Society for Nutrition.This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (