1. Bivariate Association: Introduction & Basic Concepts
Statistical Significance and Theoretical Importance
Association Between Variables and the Bivariate Table
Three Characteristics of Bivariate Associations

2. Measures of Association
Provide information about the strength and direction of relationships.
Can help us trace causal relationships among variables.
Most important statistical tool for documenting, measuring and analyzing causal relationships.

3. Three Characteristics of Bivariate Associations
Does an association exist?
If an association does exit, how strong is it?
What is the pattern and/or direction of the association?