1. Mom planned a surprise party for dad
Mom planned a surprise party for dad. A surprise party for dad was planned by Mom. I read a book. The book was read by me.

2. [subject] + [verb] + [object]
Active Form
The thing doing the action : subject
the thing receiving the action : object.
(Most sentences are active)
[subject] + [verb] + [object]

3. [object] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [subject]
Passive Form
The thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence.
[object] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [subject]

4. PASSIVE TENSES Focus on the agent rather than on the action.
BE past participle
(appropriate tense)
ACTIVE VOICE
PASSIVE VOICE
Simple Present:
Am/Is/Are + past participle
Simple Past:
Was / were + past participle
Simple future:
Will be + past participle
* When we want to refer to the subject we use by + noun

5. SIMPLE PRESENT PASSIVE
Use it to focus on the action rather than in the agent.
BE Past participle
am / is / are
Active voice: Tom bakes a cake every week.
Passive voice: A cake is baked every week (by Tom).
Subject verb object
(doer)
object verb

6. SIMPLE PAST PASSIVE be + Past participle
Use it to focus on past action rather than in the agent.
be + Past participle
was / were
Active voice: Tom baked a cake yesterday.
Passive voice: A cake was baked yesterday (by Tom).
Subject verb object
(doer)
object verb

7. SIMPLE FUTURE PASSIVE be + Past participle
Use it to focus on future action rather than in the agent.
be + Past participle
will be
Active voice: Tom will bake a cake tomorrow.
Passive voice: A cake will be baked tomorrow (by Tom).
Subject verb object
(doer)
object verb

8. He opens the door. - The door is opened by him. We set the table
He opens the door. - The door is opened by him. We set the table. - The table is set by us. She pays a lot of money. - A lot of money is paid by her. I draw a picture. - A picture is drawn by me. They wear blue shoes. – Blue shoes are worn by them. They don't help you. - You aren´t helped by them. He doesn't open the book. - The book isn´t opened by him. You do not write the letter. - The letter isn´t written by you. Does your mom pick you up? - Are you picked up by your mom? Does the police officer catch the thief? -