1. By Gary Johnson DTTLS Dip. RSA, ICS, SET
Roles and Responsibilities within the Emergency Services (Public Safety Programme)
By Gary Johnson DTTLS Dip. RSA, ICS, SET

2. Aim
The aim of this section is to give you an understanding of the roles, structures, responsibilities, expectations and capabilities of the emergency services.

3. Learning outcomes
By the end of this session all learners will be able to:
Understand common emergency response objectives for all services
Understand all the emergency services command capabilities and responsibilities
Achieve common situational awareness during incident
Effectively interact between Services to bring incidents to a successful conclusion

4. Video clip https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5Uum0sIKpA
– Sweet and Bitter

5. Activity
In groups of 3 discuss how the emergency services can work together more effective.

6. Interoperability
Interoperability is the extent to which the emergency services work together coherently so as to become routine.

7. Features of Interoperability
Understanding each other’s respective roles
Understanding the responsibilities of each service
Understanding the similarities and differences
Developing a shared way of working together
Working from framework
Coordinating from a central point
The emergency services are not interactable, in order to achieve interoperability the services must understand the following. This is also good for security operatives as the can gain a greater understanding and appreciation for the complexities of the blue light services

8. Similarities Save lives and prevent suffering
Reducing impact impact of the incidences
Deal with any problems that may arise
Orchestrate a return to normality

9. Police Coordinates with other agencies Gather information and share it
Preserve the crime scene
Investigate the situation
Prevention of crime and disorder

10. Fire service Save lives provide assistance to the local authority
Protect the environment
Protector property

11. Ambulance service
Save and life and reduce suffering Aide in treatment Provide casualty treatment Support your services Coordinate all health and safety resources Support

12. Activity
In of three, identify the roles and responsibilities of the police, fire service and ambulance on flipchart paper

13. Understanding similarities and differences
Understanding the similarities and difference can lead to greater synergy within the blue light service.

14. Activity Police services Fire Service Ambulance service
In groups of 3 note down the capabilities of each of the following groups:
Police services
Fire Service
Ambulance service

15. Multi Agency Interoperability
Greater understanding of the capabilities, capacity and limitations leads to interoperability at all levels of the emergency service. Exploring the similarities and differences is an important step which in turn will allow the blue light services to communicate more effectively leading to multi-agency interoperability Activity – Using a dictionary find the words in red.

16. Common objectives
Activity - in groups of 3 identify the common objectives of the emergency services. 15 mins

17. Emergency Response and Recovery Guidance
Priority 1
Preserve and safe lives
Priority 2
Mitigate and minimize the effect of the incident
Priority 3
Aide in the return to normality
Supporting the work of blue light service partners is paramount to this.

18. Roles and responsibilities
Police
Fire
Ambulance
Protect life and property
Save Life
Save Life and prevent further suffering
Co-ordinate the multi-agency response
Protect the Environment
Facilitate Patient Triage
Collate and disseminate casualty information
Protect Property
Co-ordinate all health resources supporting the incident
Protect and preserve the scene and investigate the incident
Provide assistance in support of local communities
Provide casualty treatment and transport to the most appropriate facility
Prevent crime and disorder

19. Emergency Service Capabilities
Police Service Capabilities
Fire Service Capabilities
Ambulance Service Capabilities
Road, Traffic and highway policing
outer cordon and traffic control.
Mounted Officers
Dog Units
Public order
Firearms units
Surveillance
Crime Scene Investigation (Forensics)
Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and Nuclear (CBRN)
Fire-fighting
Road Traffic Collisions
Rescues from height and depth
Water Rescue
Environmental Protection (1st Response)
Hazardous Material Incidents
Canine Search (Live Bodies)
Aerial Ladder Appliances
Specialist Response to Firearm Incidents
Paramedics and Emergency Medical Technicians crewing Ambulances or Solo responder vehicles (Cars , Motorbikes and Pedal Cycles)
Advanced Paramedics and Emergency Care Practitioners
Incident Management including Patient Triage, Emergency medical treatment and transport to definitive care
Temporary Structures (Casualty Clearing and Decontamination facilities)
Clinical Decontamination
Fire Service Capabilities

20. Emergency Service Capabilities
Police Service Capabilities
Fire Service Capabilities
Ambulance Service Capabilities
Air Support
Underwater Search
Disaster Victim Identification
Counter Terrorism Network
National - Inter Agency Liaison Officer (N-ILO)
Detection, Identification & Monitoring (National Resilience)
Mass Decontamination of Public/Emergency Responders (National Resilience)
Rescues from collapsed structures, trenches and heavy transport incidents (Urban Search and Rescue - National Resilience)
High Volume Pumps (National Resilience)
Hazard Area Response Teams (HART)
Urban Search and Rescue, Inland Water Rescue, Inner Cordon Response & Safe Working at Height
Specialist Response to Firearms Incidents
Inter-agency Liaison Officers (N-ILO)/Tactical Advisors
Radiation Protection Supervisors/Advisors
BASICS/Medical Advisors
Community Responders
Air Ambulance
Fire Service Capabilities

21. Bronze Commander (Operational)
Command Structures
On Scene Command
On Scene Risk Assessment
Initial Response
Manage front line operations at the scene
Also known as Operational
Implement safe systems of work
Manage front line operations and tactical plan
Assess need for further resources
Identify and establish a dialogue with the on-scene commander from each Service
Identify a suitable Forward Control Point for co-ordination of on scene activities
Each service is required to identify hazards, assess risks and take action to eliminate or reduce risk.
Each service has a different model, but
Sharing information on hazards, risks and control measures will deliver a more robust outcome, and
The shared risk assessment will require monitoring and review due to the dynamic nature of emergency incidents.
Information must be shared and amendments made as necessary.
Communications
Use ‘Plain English’
Consider the need for a common Airwave command channel
Consider the need for Airwave tactical advice
Many Fire and Ambulance Services have Inter Agency Liaison Officers (ILOs) specifically trained to understand and communicate with the other Services

22. Risk assessment Responders life v. protecting lives
Risk of doing nothing
Positive duty to act and not get caught in bureaucracy
Approaches to risk may vary with each service but all responses must consider the above.

23. Common Situational Awareness
From Situational Awareness to Shared Situational Awareness. Activity What type of things do you think the emergency services need to be aware of to arrive at shared situational awareness; discuss

24. Common Situational Awareness (Continued)
Establishing a common understanding of the situation
understanding consequences is an early priority for Emergency Service commanders.
This may be termed Shared Situational Awareness, or a Common Operating Picture
C.H.A.L.E.T.S. is one system that can be used for common information messaging to and from the incident scene

25. C.H.A.L.E.T.S. = Situational Awareness
Casualties - Number of casualties dead, injured, uninjured, number trapped (approximately)
Hazards - Current and future
Access - best access routes for emergency services and suitable provisional Recreational Vehicles points.
Location - the exact location of the incident using postcode or Ordnance Survey (OS) map reference if possible.
Emergency - services present and required, consider attendance of hospital medical teams, specialist equipment and services.
Type - of incident with brief details of any vehicles, trains, buildings, or aircraft of involved including type and numbers
Safety – Located in a safe area and are wearing personal protective equipment including appropriate clothing

26. Levels of Command
The Big Picture
Making it happen
Doing it