1. AP Human Geography Theoretical Model Review
Mr. Stepek

2. Unit 6: Industrialization and Economic Development

3. World Systems Model Three-Tier Structure Core-periphery model
Core : Processes that incorporate higher levels of education, higher salaries, and more technology Generates more wealth in the world economy
Core-periphery model
Dominant advanced core exploits periphery
Applies globally
national/regional
Legacy of colonialism
Neo-colonialism
Semi-periphery: Places where core and periphery processes are both occurring. Places that are exploited by the core but then exploit the periphery, serves as a buffer between core and periphery
Insert a picture of one of the geographic features of your country.
Periphery: Processes that incorporate lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology. Generates less wealth in the world economy

4. The Three-Tier System

5. Human Development Index (How is it measured? How is it distributed?)

6. Indicators of development
Human Development Index (HDI)
4 factors used to measure (UN) and other factors considered in differentiating between MDC/LDCs:
Economic =
(1) gross national income (GNI) per capita
Other
Types of jobs, productivity, consumer goods
Social =
(2) mean years of schooling and
(3) expected years of schooling
Other (health and welfare measures)
Demographic
(4) life expectancy

7. Brandt’s Line (North-South Split)

8. Brandt’s Line MODIFIED (North-South Split)

9. FIGURE 8-1

10. Economic Development Models
Self-sufficiency model
Govt. supports local industries through protectionism
Tariffs
Leads to inefficient businesses
Large bureaucracy
Corruption
Consumers pay more
No longer favored

11. FIGURE 9-28

12. Economic Development Models
Rostow’s International Trade “Take-Off” Model
Self-sufficiency model
Raw materials exported
elite gain profits
infrastructure created
innovation spreads
economic diversification
High consumption
wealth Inequity measured by GINI coefficient (modifies GDP)
Govt. supports local industries through protectionism
Tariffs
Leads to inefficient businesses
Large bureaucracy
Corruption
Consumers pay more
No longer favored

14. Economic Development Models
Rostow’s International Trade “Take-Off” Model
Self-sufficiency model
Raw materials exported
elite gain profits
infrastructure created
innovation spreads
economic diversification
High consumption
wealth Inequity measured by GINI coefficient (modifies GDP)
Widely accepted
WTO, World Bank, IMF, structural adjustment loans
NGOs
Govt. supports local industries through protectionism
Tariffs
Leads to inefficient businesses
Large bureaucracy
Corruption
Consumers pay more
No longer favored

15. FIGURE 9-29

16. United Nations Millenium Goals

17. Political Ecology
impact of laws and policy on the environment and environmental justice
Sustainable development
Cap and trade
International agreements
Kyoto Protocol (US vs. developing countries)
Paris Agreement

18. Weber’s Least Cost Theory of Industrial Location
Location determined by effort to minimize costs
Situation factors: transportation (bulk-gaining vs. bulk-reducing)
Site factors: labor, land, capital
Agglomeration: clustering of businesses to access common customers, advantageous site factors

19. FIGURE 11-19

20. Industry and Economic Development Sample FRQ #1

21. Industry and Economic Development Sample FRQ #1 Rubric

22. Industry and Economic Development Sample FRQ #1 Rubric

23. Industry and Economic Development Sample FRQ #1 Rubric

24. Industry and Economic Development Sample FRQ #2

25. Industry and Economic Development Sample FRQ #2 Rubric