1. Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
Chapter 4
Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

2. Organic Chemistry Carbon based Why carbon? Chemical evolution
Forms 4 bonds
Tetrahedryl
Forms long chains
Chemical evolution
Structural formula
Hydrocarbons

3. Organic Compounds Carbon Backbone Functional groups Isomers Structural
Geometric
Enantiomers

4. Structural (Conformational)Isomer
Carbon backbone rearranged
Properties vary
Structural formula needed

5. Geometric Isomer
Arrangement around a double bond
Cis
Trans

6. Enantiomer Sterioisomer Mirror image Chiral carbon R (D) S (L)
Biologically distinguishable
Albuterol (R)
Ibuprophen (S)
Thalidomide (R)

7. Functional Groups
Hydroxyl
Carbonyl
Ketone
Aldehyde
Carboxyl
acidic

8. Functional Groups
Amino
Sulfhydryl
Phosphate
Methyl

9. Functional groups
Estradiol
Testosterone

10. Functional Groups
ATP
Phosphates
Energy currency