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Gravity What is Gravity?
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Sir Isaac Newton ( ) Used generations worth of observations made of the stars and planets in the night sky to establish the Law of Gravity.
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Gravity is an attractive force between any
2 objects
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The force of that attraction depends on 2 things:
Mass of each object The distance between them
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GRAVITATIONAL FORCE INCREASES as the MASS of either object INCREASES
FORCE also INCREASES as the objects MOVE CLOSER.
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pulls on every other object
Every object in the universe pulls on every other object in the universe.
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WHAT? I don’t feel anything. Why is that?
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Gravity is one of 4 basic forces: Gravity Electrical Magnetic Nuclear
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Law of Universal Gravitation
Newton’s law of gravitation can be expressed by this equation: Force of gravity = constant x (mass of obj 1 x mass of obj 2) / (distance between objects)² OR F = G (m1 x m2) / d²
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F = G (m1 x m2) / d² In this formula:
G = a constant called the universal gravitational constant d = the distance between 2 masses m1 = the mass of the 1st object m2 = the mass of the 2nd object
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Allows you to calculate the force of gravity between 2 objects if you know:
The mass of each object The distance between them
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Range of Gravity Gravitational force between 2 objects decreases very quickly the further apart the 2 objects become.
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More distance = Less Gravitational Force
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Gravitational force will NEVER equal zero
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What is the acceleration of gravity?
(how fast is an object pulled towards Earth) 9.8 m/s² Given the symbol g
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Here’s the equation to find the force of Earth’s gravity
Force (N) = mass (kg) x acceleration (m/s²) OR F = mg
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Weight can be calculated with the same equation:
The gravitational force exerted on an object is called the objects weight. Weight can be calculated with the same equation: Weight (N) = mass (kg) x accel of gravity (m/s²) W= mg
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Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object
Weight is a force Mass and weight are related because weight increases as mass increases.
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Projectile motion Why do quarterbacks, dart player and archers all aim above their targets?
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Earth’s gravity causes projectiles to follow a curved path.
Anything that is thrown or shot through the air is called a projectile. Earth’s gravity causes projectiles to follow a curved path.
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Horizontal and vertical motions
When you throw a ball, the force exerted by your hand gives the ball a forward motion, or horizontal motion. Once you let go of the ball, gravity is pulling it downward giving it vertical motion.
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Centripetal force The force that keeps objects moving in a curved direction. Think of a car going around a curve. Think of the swing rides at Carowinds. These objects are kept from moving in a straight line because of the force accelerating it towards the center.
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Gravity as a centripetal force?
Earth’s gravity exerts a centripetal force on the Moon that keeps it moving in a nearly circular orbit.
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