1. Confederation
Ms. Dow
Socials 9

2. What is Confederation? In it’s simplest terms = an act of union
CPH Video clip: Strangers in Charlottetown
Episode 8: start at 54:54
What were the pros and cons to confederation?

3. Pros and Cons of Confederation Complete the chart using pages 100-111 in your textbook.

4. Pros to Confederation Make own economic policies
National railways = better trade
Access to ice free Halifax port
Can still maintain ties with Britain
Organize own defense – especially vs. USA
Power with CAN instead of BRIT

5. Cons to Confederation Loss of ties with Britain (and its colonies)
French even more of a minority
Maritimes wouldn’t be equal in govt.
It would cost too much
Confederation came from “the top”, but the people need to agree

6. Political Parties Use your textbook (p
Political Parties Use your textbook (p ) and the supplemental notes to complete the G.O. on political parties.

7. Parti Rouge Louis-Joseph Papineau Platform Radical
Lower Canada/ Canada East
Rebel leader
French
Platform
Radical
French farmers and businesses
Wanted an American style of government
Against Confederation (wants a separate French speaking republic)
Want to see separate church and government

8. Tories John A. MacDonald Platform Becomes first Prime Minister
“Father of Confederation”
Canada
West
Platform
For Confederation
Against Rep by Pop
Supported economic development (railway)

9. Parti Bleu George-Etienne Cartier Platform
Lower Canada/Canada East
Rebel
French
Platform
Supported by the Catholic Church and wealthy French speakers
Support Confederation
Support rights for the French
Supports economic development (Railway)

10. Clear Grits George Brown Platform Anti-French and anti-Catholic
Upper Canada/Canada West
Platform
Radical party
Supported by farmers in Canada West
Supported English Canadian interests
Representation by Population
Wanted to open up trade with the USA
Supports Confederation

11. Liberal Conservatives
Alliance between Parti Bleu (Cartier – Can East) and the Tories (MacDonald – Can West)
Platform
Came to power in 1854
Dealt with land issues in Can East and West
Reciprocity Treaty 1854 = free trade with US
Supported railways
GOAL = Confederation

12. George Brown and “Rep by Pop”
Act of Union assimilated French by giving Can East and Can West an equal number of seats
made an Eng majority, but not significant because Can East had a larger population
1852 census = Canada West now has a larger population, but they still get the same number of seats
George Brown and the Clear Grits demand “Rep by Pop”
Number of seats in parliament determined by population (the larger the population, the more the seats)
If this was passed, the English would get a significant majority and would be able to pass more laws in their own interests

13. The Great Coalition
Political Deadlock = no party with a majority means nothing gets accomplished.
1864 George Brown (Grits), MacDonald and Galt (Tories) and Cartier (Parti Bleu) form a coalition
Unlikely because they were all very different
Goal it to work together to unite all of British North America (Confederation)
Majority of power to the federal government
Education and legal and cultural matters deemed provincial (this appeased the French)
Lower house elected using ‘rep by pop’
Upper house appointed based on regional representation (equal)
Need to convince the Maritime provinces

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