1. Scientific Measurements
Dimensional Analysis Part 1

2. Starter
It would take 3,010,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 candles to reproduce sunlight. What is this number in scientific notation?
Convert the following temperature to kelvin: 113oC.
A liquid has a volume of 4mL and a mass of 24 grams. What is the density of the liquid?

3. Starter
It would take 3,010,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 candles to reproduce sunlight. What is this number in scientific notation? 3.01 x 1027
Convert the following temperature to kelvin: 113oC.
A liquid has a volume of 4mL and a mass of 24 grams. What is the density of the liquid?

4. Starter
It would take 3,010,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 candles to reproduce sunlight. What is this number in scientific notation? 3.01 x 1027
Convert the following temperature to kelvin: 113oC. (K = oC ) k
A liquid has a volume of 4mL and a mass of 24 grams. What is the density of the liquid?

5. Starter
It would take 3,010,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 candles to reproduce sunlight. What is this number in scientific notation? 3.01 x 1027
Convert the following temperature to kelvin: 113oC. (K = oC ) k
A liquid has a volume of 4mL and a mass of 24 grams. What is the density of the liquid? 6 g/mL

6. Converting Metric Measurements
There are 3 ways to convert between units:
Multiplication and Division
Decimal Movement
Conversion Factors

7. Converting Metric Measurements
For all methods it is important to learn the most common prefixes

8. Converting Metric Measurements Multiplication and Division
Learn the most common prefixes
Kilo - 1,000 times larger
Hecto times larger
Deca - 10 times larger
Deci - 10 times smaller
Centi times smaller
Milli - 1,000 times smaller

9. Converting Metric Measurements Multiplication and Division
2. Put the base unit you are measuring in the middle under “unit”

10. Converting Metric Measurements Multiplication and Division
3. Determine whether the units you want are larger or smaller than the units you have

11. Converting Metric Measurements Multiplication and Division
4. Determine the numerical relationship between the units you have and the units you want.

12. Converting Metric Measurements Multiplication and Division
5. For “large to small” conversions, multiply by the appropriate power of ten. For “small to large” conversions, divide by the appropriate power of ten.

13. Converting Metric Measurements Decimal Movement
1. Determine the direction and size of the conversion.

14. Converting Metric Measurements Decimal Movement
2. Move the decimal point in your measurement.

15. Converting Metric Measurements Decimal Movement
3. Add zeros as necessary

16. Metric Conversion Practice Problems
How many liters are in 872 milliliters?

17. Metric Conversion Practice Problems
How many liters are in 872 milliliters? L

18. Metric Conversion Practice Problems
How many grams are in 0.679kg?

19. Metric Conversion Practice Problems
How many grams are in 0.679kg? 679g

20. Metric Conversion Practice Problems
How many kiloliters are in 4.32×105 liters?

21. Metric Conversion Practice Problems
How many kiloliters are in 4.32×105 liters?
432 kl or 4.32 x 102 kl

22. Dimensional Analysis & Conversion Factors
The procedure we use to convert between units in solving chemistry problems is called dimensional analysis.
Conversion Factor: a factor used to convert between two separate units.

23. Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors
Conversion Factor: a factor used to convert between two separate units
1 in = 2.54 cm
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit

24. Conversion Factors Problem: convert 17.6 in to cm 17.6 in x 2.54 cm
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: convert 17.6 in to cm
17.6 in x
2.54 cm
1 in
= x cm

25. Conversion Factors Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm desired unit
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
2.54 cm
1 in
Problem: convert 17.6 in to cm
17.6 in x
= x
17.6 x cm =

26. Conversion Factors Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm desired unit
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
2.54 cm
1 in
Problem: convert 17.6 in to cm
17.6 in x
= x
17.6 x cm = 44.7cm

27. Conversion Factors Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm desired unit
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
1 in
2.54 cm
Problem: convert 57.9 cm to in
57.9 cm x
= x in

28. Conversion Factors Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm desired unit
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
1 in
2.54 cm
Problem: convert 57.9cm to in
57.9 cm x
= x

29. Conversion Factors Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm desired unit
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 in = 2.54 cm
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
1 in
2.54
Problem: convert 57.9cm to in
57.9 x
= in

30. A Practice Problems Problem: How many feet are equal to 54.7 in?
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 ft = 12 in
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: How many feet are equal to 54.7 in?

31. A Practice Problems Problem: How many feet are equal to 54.7 in?
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 ft = 12 in
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: How many feet are equal to 54.7 in?
4.56 ft

32. Problem: convert 7.8 km to miles
Practice Problems
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 km = mi
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: convert 7.8 km to miles

33. Problem: convert 7.8 km to miles
Practice Problems
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factor: 1 km = mi
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: convert 7.8 km to miles
4.8 mi

34. C
Practice Problems
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors: 1lb = 453.6g 1mg = 1x10−3
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: a person’s average daily intake of glucose is pound. What is this mass in mg?

35. C
Practice Problems
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors: 1lb = 453.6g 1mg = 1x10−3
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: a person’s average daily intake of glucose is pound. What is this mass in mg?
3.78 x104

36. D Practice Problems Problem: convert 194 cm to feet.
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors: 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 ft = 12 in
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: convert 194 cm to feet.

37. D Practice Problems Problem: convert 194 cm to feet. 6.36 ft
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors: 1 in = 2.54 cm 1 ft = 12 in
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: convert 194 cm to feet ft

38. E
Practice Problems
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors: 1 quart = 4 cups 1L = qt
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: A recipe calls for making creamy pasta sauce calls for 0.75 liters of cream. Your measuring cup measures only in cups. How many cups of cream should you use?

39. E
Practice Problems
Information given x conversion factor = desired unit
Conversion Factors: 1 quart = 4 cups 1L = qt
desired unit
given unit
given unit x
= desired unit
Problem: A recipe calls for making creamy pasta sauce calls for 0.75 liters of cream. Your measuring cup measures only in cups. How many cups of cream should you use? 3.2 cups

40. Converting Metric Measurements Conversion Factors
1 km = m
1m = cm
1 hg = g
1 g = mg

41. Converting Metric Measurements Conversion Factors
1 km = 1000 m
1m = 100 cm
1 hg = 100 g
1 g = 1000 mg

42. When doing dimensional analysis
REMEMBER
Always write every number with its associated unit. Never ignore units; they are critical
Always include units in your calculations, dividing them and multiply them as if they were algebraic quantities. Do not let units magically appear or disappear in calculations.