1. Compounding in English and Arabic
Presented by :
Walaa abo shammalah
Yussrah khalaf

2. Content 1 2 3 Compound in English Compound in Arabic
How to teach compound words to your students 3

3. the components of the compounding words
Compound words
Compounds are groups of two or more elements treated as a unit.
the components of the compounding words
Secondary compound
Primary
compound

4. Syntactic relation of elements of compound1
syntactic word groups, e.g. part of speech son-in-low 2
coordination e.g. bread and butter 3
qualifier and noun, e.g. black bird, bluebell 4
adverb and verb, e.g. downpour, outlay 5
adverb and noun, e.g. outpost 6
the firs element may denote the subject, e.g. daybreak 7
the first element denote the object, e.g. bloodshed

5. Semantic relation of elements of compounds
Resemblance
Sex
Place
Time
Purpose
Semantic compound
instrument

6. Morphological types of compound noun:
The solid or closed form
In which two usually moderately short words appear together as one, e.g. Makeup, housewife.
The hyphenated
Form in witch two or more words are connected by a hyphen, e.g. House- builder, salt-and-pepper.
The open or spaced form
Consisting of newer combinations of usually longer words, such as distance learning, player piano.

7. Hyphenated Compound adjectives
Adjective preceding a noun
Round-table
Blue-sky
An adjective proceeding a noun to which (ed) is added
Middle-aged lady
Verb preceding an adjective or adverb
Feel-good factor
A noun, adjective, or adverb preceding a present participle
A long-lasting affair
Verb preceding a prepositions
Stick-on label
Stand-by fare
Numbers spelled out or as numerous
30-piece band
Seven- year boy
Compound adjectives with high and low
High-level discussion

8. Compound verb
A compound verb is usually composed of a preposition as a modifier and a verb as, overrate, underline, outturn.

9. English syntax distinguish between Phrasal verbs and prepositional verbs. Consider the following examples: - I held up my hand. - I held up a bank. - I held my hand up. - I held a bank up.

10. Seven types of prepositional or phrasal verbs:
1- intransitive phrasal verbs (e.g. give in) 2-transitive phrasal verbs (e.g. find out) 3- monotransitive prepositional verbs (e.g. look after) 4-doubly transitive prepositional (e.g. blame [something] on [someone) 5- copular prepositional verbs ( e.g. serve as) 6- monotransitive phrasal-prepositional verbs (e.g. look up to) 7-doubly transitive phrasal- prepositional verbs (e.g. Put [something] down to [someone])

11. Compound words in Arabic
It can be constructed by adding two independent words to form a new word element
Compounding in Arabic, as in English , Involves a specialization in meaning .
e.g. Rabi ( spring ) + Al umr ( age )
The isolated words which form the compound refer to different meanings, but when they are combined, they form a new form with a different meaning.

12. Categories of Compounds In Arabic
Fusional compound
Constructed state
Predicative
Compound
دودة الارض earth worm
يوم الحساب doomsday
جاكيت جوني
John’s jacket
Two or more words are fused together without having any relationship .
بيت لحم
بعلبك
حضرموت
. تأبط شرا
ta ? abbata- Sharran.

13. Categories of Compounds In Arabic
Numbers from 11-19
Numbers 21-99
Compound particles
Defective verb
احد عشر* اثنا عشر
انما *ربما حالما *سيما
ما برح * ما زال *ما فتئ
واحد وعشرون * اثنان وعشرون

14. Rhyming Compound A compound word that contains rhyming elements,
such as blackjack, fuddy duddy, pooper-scooper.
Also in Arabic we have rhyming compound,
e.g. هب و دب هرج ومرج

15. Compound noun in Arabic :
Many English compound nouns rendered either original nouns
(e.g. Son-in-law (صهر Or by one-word noun (e.g. Onlooker /(متفرج
Some rendered in Arabic by the structure N + adj
(e.g. The red sea البحر الاحمر(
Some are rendered by syntactic structure
( Part of speech (قسم من اقسام الكلام
This group of compounds cover the following -proper noun شجرة الدر /shajaratu adur - geographical names دير ياسين / deir yaseen -titles امير المؤمنين / ameer l- momeneen -noun + adj الفيزياء النووية/atomic physics

16. Compound adjective in Arabic
Single word adjective word
Trustworthy موثوق
adj + adj
Dark Blue ازرق غامق
Bitter-sweet
حلومر
Simile /ك/
Red-hot احمر كالحار
snow-white أبيض كالثلج
adv+adj
Ever green دائم الخضرة
Ever-ripe زائد النضج
N+ Adj
e.g. Sea-sick
مصاب بدوران البحر

17. How to teach compound words?
Step1:
What's this?

19. So WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE PUT TOGETHER TWO WORDS?
Step 2
Basket + ball = basketball
Bed + room = bedroom
So WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WE PUT TOGETHER TWO WORDS?
TWO SMALL WORDS CAN BE PUT TOGETHER TO FORM A NEW WORD.
THIS NEW WORD IS CALLED COMPOUND WORD.

20. Step 3 Explain the meaning of the new compound.
fire fighter = firefighter
butter fly = butterfly

21. Step 4
A COMPOUND WORD
Is made up of two words put together to form anew word with different meaning.

22. Step 5 Newspaper Doghouse Rainbow Snowman
Ask the students to give you group of words that has compound words from their memory and knowledge.
Newspaper
Doghouse
Rainbow
Snowman

23. explain what are the forms of compound words:
Step 6
explain what are the forms of compound words:

24. noun + noun
bedroom water tank motorcycle printer cartridge
noun + verb
rainfall haircut train-spotting
noun + adverb
hanger-on passer-by
verb + noun
washing machine driving license swimming pool
verb + adverb
lookout take-off drawback
adverb + noun
onlooker bystander
adjective + verb
dry-cleaning public speaking
adjective + noun
greenhouse software redhead
adverb + verb
output overthrow upturn input C O M P U N D

25. Step 7 Shape of compound words
Bedroom rainfall greenhouse
distance learning player piano.
(-) Blue-sky seven-year boy .

26. Activity 1 1. She was reared by her grandmother.
READ THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES CAREFULLY. CHOOSE THE COMPOUND WORDS IN EACH SENTENCE.
1. She was reared by her grandmother.
2. Arnel was in mt class when he complained of headache.
3. The plants at the backyard are starting to have flowers.

27. Activity 2
Match :
Bed
Rain
Break
Class
Mail
coat
room
mate
man
fast

28. Games

29. Worksheet

30. Song

31. Thank you
walaa
yussrah