1. Unit 11- Characteristics of the Universe
Mrs. Buffington

2. Which of the following statements correctly describes the relationship between spectral lines (The black strips) and stars?
A. The spectral lines indicate the temperature of stars.
B. The spectral lines indicate the velocity of stars.
C. The spectral lines indicate the elements present in stars.
D. The spectral lines indicate the distance of stars.

3. Stars form inside giant clouds of gas and dust
Stars form inside giant clouds of gas and dust. What are the giant clouds of gas and dust called?
A. Black hole
B. Quasar
Super nova
Nebula

4. Which of the following is an advantage of the models of galaxies above?
F. The models show which stars are in specific types of galaxies. G. The models show how far away the galaxies are from one another. H. The models help us to identify the shapes of the galaxies. J. The models allow us to see distant solar systems in the universe.

5. The term absolute magnitude refers to the ―  (Do not freak out about this symbol)
A. brightness of a star compared to the Sun
B. brightness of a star as seen from Earth
C. brightness of a star as seen from a fixed distance of 32.6 light years
D. apparent displacement of a star as observed from the orbiting Earth

6. What type of galaxy is the Milky Way(the galaxy we are in)?
F. Elliptical
G. Irregular
H. Magellanic
J. Spiral

7. Where in the Milky Way is Earth found?
F. Our Sun is in the middle of the galaxy
G. About 1 light-year from the middle of the galaxy
H. Varies depending on where it is in orbit around the Sun
J. Near the outer edge of the galaxy

8. Our Sun is in which group of the HR-Diagram???
A. Main sequence
B. White dwarf
C. Red giant
D. Super giant

9. Astronomers have noticed that supernovas in distant galaxies have a greater redshift than those in galaxies closer to the Earth. What do the astronomers theorize about why this is occurring?
F. Distant galaxies have weaker explosions than galaxies that are nearby.
G. Distant galaxies have more powerful explosions than galaxies that are nearby.
H. Distant galaxies are moving away from Earth faster than galaxies that are nearby.
J. Distant galaxies are moving towards the Earth faster than galaxies that are nearby.

10. The Andromeda Galaxy is moving toward the Milky Way, and light being emitted from it has a blue shift. What property of the light has changed to allow it to have a blue shift?
A. The speed of the light
B. The amplitude of the light
C. The frequency of the light
D. The wave height of the light

11. Betelgeuse is one of the brightest stars in the night sky even though it is 640 LY from Earth. Barnard’s Star, on the other hand, is relatively close but is not visible to the unaided eye. Which of the following is a correct explanation for this?
F. The two stars have different colors.
G. The two stars have different surface temperatures.
H. The two stars have different absolute magnitudes.
J. Betelgeuse’s orbit brings it closer to Earth.

12. Which piece of scientific equipment is appropriate for determining the elements present in distant objects in the universe?
A. Telescope
B. Spectrascope
C. Microscope
D. Gyroscope

13. You need to be able to label these….
Spiral Irregular Eliptical

14. Discussion Question…
Describe how stars are plotted on the HR Diagram. Use the HR Diagrams on this test to help you get your ideas together. This needs to be at least 3 sentences long, otherwise you will NOT get credit.