1. Germany and the Depression

2. Learning Objectives
Understand the basis of the Wall Street Crash
Identify the impact the Wall Street Crash had on the appeal of the Nazi Party
Evaluate Hitler’s Appeal as a person

3. Impact of the Depression p. 73
American stock market crashed & sent US into a disastrous economic depression which countries around the world began to feel the effects of
Germany = badly affected. American bankers and businessmen lost huge amounts of money in the crash
US asked German banks to repay the money they had borrowed in order to pay off their debts
Result = economic collapse in Germany
Impact of the Depression p. 73

4. - Germany was dependent on US loans -All Sections of society were affected in different ways – from business leaders to industrial workers Recently gained optimism vanished & the defects of Weimar Germany, mostly hidden in the late 1920’s, suddenly became glaringly obvious

5. Germany had been defeated in WWI, which led to economic and political issues. Particularly, the £6.6 billion reparations were causing economic problems (hyperinflation, Ruhr)
Stresemann took out loans from American banks. (Dawes Plan = $800 million)
Stresemann died on 3rd October days later the Wall Street crash happened.
American banks wanted their money back. Germany had 90 days to start repaying the loans they had taken out. They could not afford to pay them…
Countries cannot afford to trade
Business see their businesses close
Workers were unemployed (1933 = 6 million)
Farmers suffered and sell their land
1933 unemployment reaches 6 million
Many can not afford rent and become homeless

6. The appeal of the Nazi Party ‘One people, one emipire, one leader’
Hitler’s ideas = now had a new relevance
Is the Weimar government indecisive? Then Germany needs a strong leader!
Are reparations adding to Germany’s problems? Then kick out the treaty of Versailles!
Is unemployment a problem? Let the unemployed join the army, build Germany’s armaments and be used for public works like road building!
The appeal of the Nazi Party ‘One people, one emipire, one leader’

7. What do you think this meant for the democratic government?
25 point programme – very attractive to those most vulnerable to the effects of the depression: unemployed, elderly, middle- classes
Hitler offered them culprits to blame for the problems in Germany- the allies, the ‘November Criminals’ and the Jews
^ None of these messages are new, but they had not won support in the Stresemann years
What do you think this meant for the democratic government?

8. Jewish department store owner
How would this make the German people feel? Put yourselves in their shoes!
Coalminer
University lecturer
Jewish department store owner
NAZI PARTY PROMISED
A RETURN TO TRADITIONAL VALUES
CRI TISCISED THE DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM OF THE WEIMAR REPUBLIC AND ITS FAILURE TO SOLVE THE NATIONS ECONOMIC PROBLEMS
PROMISED EMPLOYMENT AND ECONOMIC STRENGTH
THEY CITED THE JEWS, COMMUNISTS, WEIMAR POLITICANS AND THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES AS THE ROOT CAUSES OF GERMANY’S PROBLEMS

9. The Nazis promised strong leadership to make Germany great again
Who voted for the Nazi Party?
Farmers:
The depression hit farmers hard and the Weimar government did little to help
The Nazis promised them higher prices for crops, a better quality of life and higher status in society
Nazi opposition to communists appealed to farmers – if the communists took power they would seize farmers land
Women:
The Nazi’s targeted women voters by saying that family life, good morals and discipline were important
Some women agreed with Hitler’s view that Weimar culture had been a bad influence on the young
Middle classes:
The middle class – people such as small business owners, doctors, bank workers and managers – feared that law and order might break down during the depression
They worried that a communist takeover could destroy their way of life
The Nazis promised to deal with problems decisively and the SA fought communists
Wealthy Classes:
The Nazis promised strong leadership to make Germany great again
Hitler promised to let owners run factories how they wanted, and his plans to build more weapons would be good for manufacturing
The communists wanted to take over many businesses, but the Nazis opposed them

10. Youth:
Hitler’s promise to tear up the treaty of Versailles and make the country strong again appealed to young people
They wanted to be a part of Germany’s bright future and get jobs in the armed forces or building new homes, motorways and hospitals

11. How did the Nazi’s use the Wall Street Crash to further their cause
Problem A B C
Points
What the Nazi’s did
It’s 1929, the Wall Street crash occurred. Businesses are closing; the working class are losing their jobs. The Communists are currently appealing to the working class to try and get votes.
You need to get your message heard all over Germany.
How do you ensure that your message is consistent, and that the right people are hearing what you want them to?
There are local issues across Germany. How do you make the most of these little, local problems to help your cause.

12. Appeal to both the working class and business men. Every vote counts!
It’s 1929, the Wall Street crash has had a devastating impact on Germany. Businesses are closing; the working class are losing their jobs. The Communists are currently appealing to the working class to try and get votes.
OPTION A
Appeal to both the working class and business men. Every vote counts!
OPTION B
Appeal to the working class. This will decrease the popularity of the Communists, whom you despise!
OPTION C
Appeal to Business Men. There’s no point trying to get votes off communists where there are other people you can attract!
What did the Nazi’s do?
The Nazi’s appealed to both the Business men who had lost their businesses and the unemployed working class. The communists only appealed to the working class.
Out of 210 (140 ok) (70 bad)
30 POINTS
20 POINTS
10 POINTS

13. 20 POINTS 10 POINTS 30 POINTS OPTION A OPTION B OPTION C
You need to get your message heard all over Germany.
OPTION A
Don’t do anything. People are in a desperate position. You don’t need to spread your message.
OPTION B
Hold meetings. In order to appeal to Germany people they need to know you care.
OPTION C
Spread you’re ideas through literature. It will mean the same messages spreads across Germany.
The Nazi’s spread their ideas through posters, pamphlets and Nazi controlled newspapers. Their message was simple ‘One people, one nation, one leaders’.
What did the Nazi’s do?
Out of 210 (140 ok) (70 bad)
10 POINTS
20 POINTS
30 POINTS

14. Appoint a head of propaganda, who controls what everyone hears.
How do you ensure that your message is consistent, and that the right people are hearing what you want them to?
OPTION A
Just have one form of communication. This means you everyone gets the same single message.
OPTION B
Appoint a head of propaganda, who controls what everyone hears.
OPTION C
What did the Nazi’s do?
Goebbels's was appointed head of propaganda. He took advantage of modern and traditional means of communication. He also targeted specific audiences, mentioning topics that they will react to.
Out of 210 (140 ok) (70 bad)
20 POINTS
30 POINTS
10 POINTS

15. 30 POINTS 20 POINTS 10 POINTS OPTION A OPTION B OPTION C
There are local issues across Germany. How do you make the most of these little, local problems to help your cause.
OPTION A
Get the SA (private army) to threaten opponents and cause chaos based on local issues.
OPTION B
Make sure Hitler knows about all these issues so he can mention them in speeches.
OPTION C
Ignore them, you can get votes by focusing on the bigger issues. People don’t really care about local issues.
What did the Nazi’s do?
Hitler got the SA (private army) to threaten his political opponents and cause a sense of chaos throughout Germany.
Out of 210 (140 ok) (70 bad)
30 POINTS
20 POINTS
10 POINTS

16. How many points can you score in 5 minutes
CHALLENGE GRID
How many points can you score in 5 minutes
What was the simple slogan used by the Nazi’s
[2 points]
When was the Wall Street Crash?
[1 points]
Explain Stresemann’s views on the Germany economy.
[3 points]
How many people were unemployed in 1933.
What did the SA do to exploit local issues?
Explain the impact of workers losing jobs in Germany during the Great Depression.
Explain the impact of the Wall Street Crash on Business men.
Who was appointed head of Propaganda?
How many stocks were sold on ‘Black Tuesday’?

17. Hitlers Appeal

18. EXAM PRACTICE /RECAP Describe how the Treaty of Versailles Weakened
Germany. [4 Marks]

19. How to answer the exam question
Define treaty of Versailles E.g. A document that was signed between Germany and the Allied powers following World War one that officially ended the war. Germany hated the treaty as they thought it was unfair and did not take part in the conference
How did it weaken Germany? Make point + evidence
War guilt clause (Germany had caused all loss and damage of the war)
Military terms of the treaty (army of 100,000, only 6 battleships, no submarines or aeroplanes)
Reparations – 6.6 billion to be paid in instalments until 1984
BACK THESE POINTS UP! WHY DID IT MAKE GERMANY WEAK?
How to answer the exam question

20. Read the bottom of P. 75 about ‘negative cohesion’
Read the bottom of P. 75 about ‘negative cohesion’. Create a mind map for homework on what you believe this means and how this could lead to the failure of the Weimar Republic
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