1. What was the initial result of the war of 1859?
How did the war result in the annexation of Northern Italy by Piedmont?

2. Your task…
Read Stiles and compile a diagram to show the events and effects

3. STAGE 1

4. BATTLES OF MAGENTA AND SOLFERINO
Appalling casualties and conditions
Major defeats for Austria

5. NAPOLEON UNILATERALLY CALLED A TRUCE WITH AUSTRIA BECAUSE
Sickened by the carnage
Fear of Prussian mobilisation
Further military success against Austria unlikely
Events in Italy: Rulers in Parma, Modena, Tuscany and Romagna deposed. Piedmont officials set up provisional gvts.

6. TERMS OF THE ARMISTICE OF VILLAFRANCA
LOMBARDY FRANCE PIEDMONT
Idea of Italian confederation under Pope resurrected
Rulers of Tuscany, Parma and Modena to be returned
VICTOR EMMANUEL ACCEPTS TERMS
CAVOUR RESIGNS

7. STAGE 2

8. Actions of provisional gvts in Tuscany, Modena, Parma and Romagna
Arranged elections of Assemblies
Voted for annexation by Piedmont
CAVOUR RETURNS AS P.M.

9. CAVOUR APPEASES NAPOLEON BY SUGGESTING…
Cede Nice and Savoy to France
Hold plebiscites in central Italy

10. END RESULT Plebiscites in favour of annexation
Nice and Savoy ceded to France