1. Ionic and Metallic Bonds

2. Bonding Types

3. Transition Metal Cations
Transition Metals are special because they can have different charges
We can determine the charge by reading the name
For example if I read Iron(II), this would be written as Fe2+
The rule goes you write the name of the metal followed by parenthesis with the roman numeral for the charge within

4. Ionic Bonding
Anions and cations are held together by opposite charges.
Ionic compounds are called salts.
Simplest ratio is called the formula unit.
The bond is formed through the transfer of electrons.
Electrons are transferred to achieve noble gas configuration.

5. Ionic Bonding
transfer of electron + - Na Cl
NaCl

6. Ionic Bonding
All the electrons must be accounted for! Ca P

7. Ionic Bonding Ca P

8. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2 P

9. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2 P Ca

10. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2
P-3 Ca

11. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2
P-3 Ca P

12. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2
P-3
Ca+2 P

13. Ionic Bonding Ca
Ca+2
P-3
Ca+2 P

14. Ionic Bonding Ca
Ca+2
P-3
Ca+2 P

15. Ionic Bonding
Ca+2
Ca+2
P-3
Ca+2
P-3

16. Properties of Ionic Compounds
Crystalline structure.
A regular repeating arrangement of ions in the solid.
Ions are strongly bonded.
Structure is rigid.
High melting points- because of strong forces between ions.

17. Crystalline structure

18. Do they Conduct? Conducting electricity is allowing charges to move.
In a solid, the ions are locked in place.
Ionic solids are insulators.
When melted, the ions can move around.
Melted ionic compounds conduct.
First get them to 800ºC.
Dissolved in water they conduct.

19. Metallic Bonds How atoms are held together in the solid.
Metals hold onto there valence electrons very weakly.
Think of them as positive ions floating in a “sea of electrons”.

20. Sea of Electrons + Electrons are free to move through the solid.
Metals conduct electricity. +

21. Metals are Malleable + + + + + + + + + Hammered into shape (bend).
Ductile - drawn into wires.
Electrons allow atoms to slide by. + + + + + + + + +

22. Ionic solids are brittle
Strong repulsion breaks crystal apart. + -
Force + - + - + - + -