1. JULIUS CAESAR TAKES CONTROL

2. The Republic Collapses
Rich and poor gap increased
Gracchus brothers murdered for proposing land reform
( BC)
Civil war broke out (General Marius v. Sulla)
88-82 BC

3. Julius Caesar Takes Control
Joined forces with Pompey(general) and Crassus(wealthy Roman)
Caesar elected consul in 59 B.C.
Three men served Rome as a triumvirate

4. Caesar Takes Control, cont’d
Served one year as consul, then went to Gaul (France)
Pompey=jealous and orders Caesar to come home
Caesar crossed the Rubicon River with the army

5. Caesar Named Dictator Governed as ABSOLUTE RULER Very popular
Senators jealous (Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius)

6. Ides of March Brutus and Cassius plotted assassination
March 15, 44 B.C. Caesar stabbed to death 
Civil War breaks out

7. Beginning of Empire 3 Caesar supporters banded together
Octavian (nephew; adopted son), Mark Antony, and Lepidus
Took control
Ruled as 2nd Triumvirate

8. Fall of Second Triumvirate
Juicy stuff!
Lepidus forced to retire
Antony and Octavian became rivals
Antony fell in <3 with Cleopatra and went to Egypt!

9. More Civil War Octavian accused Antony of ruling Rome from Egypt
Defeated Antony and Cleopatra during naval battle of Actium
Later, committed suicide

10. Augustus Octavian restored republic Became unchallenged ruler of Rome
Accepted title of AUGUSTUS
Rome now an empire ruled by ONE man!