1. STUDENT NOTES FOR CH. 6
HIS101

2. A History of Western Society Tenth Edition
CHAPTER 6
The Pax Romana, 31 BCE–284 CE
AFTER CAESAR’S DEATH:

3. Caesar’s heir is _____? Octavian (later known as Augustus)
Caesar named his 18yr old grandnephew, Octavian his heir……Why not Mark Antony??

4. Octavian (Augustus): Octavian’s childhood His marriage
Augustus names his
heir=______________

5. ”A ruthless and cutthroat swapping of friends and family.”- Plutarch
Second Triumvirate:
-Octavian (now known as Augustus)
-Antony
-Lepidus
-Revenge! Kill the murderer’s!
”A ruthless and cutthroat swapping of friends and family.”- Plutarch

6. DIVISION OF ROME: Lepidus becomes ‘third wheel’ Lepidus in Africa
New plan…
-Augustus and Antony divided the Roman world….Augustus/West: Antony/East.

7. Where’s my money?
Recruiting an army
Antony alone in Rome
Augustus return’s
Antony flees

8. Antony & Cleopatra
Antony had met Cleopatra when she came to Rome to honor Caesar’s death….of course he fell for her….became her ally and lover. They would soon be married and have 3 children in Egypt together.
Angered Augustus….said Antony was a foolish captive of the seductive Cleopatra and a romantic….not fit to rule Rome.
Augustus decides to take fight to Antony and Cleopatra

9. Restoring peace to Rome:
-Battle of Actium
-Suicides
-”Two Caesars are one too many”
-Rome had new peace, prosperity, hope, and a new vision of Rome’s destiny.
- Augustus victorious and restored peace to Rome after many years of civil war

10. AUGUSTUS: -Senate granted power -Became ‘Imperator’
-Constitutional monarchy
-Continued Caesars reforms
-Mark on ages to come

11. A man with many name’s Gaius Octavius Octavius or Octavian
Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus
Gaius Julius Caesar Divi Filius.
Imperator Caesar Divi Filius
Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus.
Augustus or Augustus Caesar

12. AUGUSTUS:
-local self-government
-cult of Roma

13. Golden Age of Latin Literature and Social Changes :
-Virgil and the Aeneid
-Traditional Morality
-Relationships

14. The Legacy of Augustus
- Death of Augustus
Created a dynasty
Problems of succession
Tiberius

16. Augustus’ Successors -The Julio-Claudians- good and bad rulers
-Vespasian established the Flavians
-Peace again

17. Absolute Power, continued peace and prosperity
The Age of the Five Good Emperors
Absolute Power, continued peace and prosperity
Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius
Hadrian- created new imperial administrative departments, separated civil and military service, increasing efficiency.
Excellent system of Roman roads and
changes to the army happened
during this time period.

18. Life in Rome -daily life -education -careers -slavery

19. Entertainment Gladiator shows Criminals Slaves Prisoners of war
Chariot racing

21. King Herod Lost favor with Jews Judea prospered Fear led to ‘Massacre
of the Innocents”

22. Massacre of the Innocents
Search for Jesus
Wise men
Bethlehem
Jesus/family flee
Massacre

23. Post-Herod
-Pontius Pilate
-Zealots
-Militant Apocalypticism
-Pagans

24. Life and Teachings of Jesus -Controversial topics -Agreements -Teachings -Threat -Pilate/Death

25. The Spread of Christianity
-Paul of Tarsus
-Appeal of Christianity
-Events in Rome

26. Christians/Pagans -Peter -Misunderstandings -Persecution