1. Research methods

2. 12.1 Independent groups design. One advantage is that:
performances not affected by order effects as people only do one condition
• demand characteristics less likely as participants only aware of own condition
• same task/materials can be used in both conditions as participants are always naïve to the task.

3. 2 repeated measure or a matched pairs design.
Psychologists can also used matched pairs designs. This involves assigning participants to groups in which pairs of participants are first matched on some characteristic and then individually assigned randomly to groups

4. 3
Psychologists could have improved the study by ensuring that all participants are tested by the same researcher and by making sure that all participants hear the same instructions. This would ensure that experimenter variables such as gender/age/pace of instructions given, could not affect the participants.
testing all participants in the same room

5. 4
‘There is a difference in the number of ideas generated when participants work alone and when they work in groups.’

6. 5 3

7. 6
range or standard deviation

8. 7
Either the range or the SD would be greater in Condition A than in Condition B.

9. 8
All the participants allocated a number from 1 to 15. The 15 numbers are put in a hat. The researcher would assign the first three numbers drawn to a group and would then repeat the process for the other 4 groups.

10. 9
For each condition, the overall number of ideas generated should be divided by the overall total of 185. The result for each condition should then be multiplied by 100 to give the percentage.

11. 10
Thank you for participating in the research. The aim of the experiment was to see if creativity is affected by the presence or absence of others. In the experiment, participants were assigned to one of two conditions. In condition A participants were asked to write down his or her ideas alone. Whereas, in condition B, participants were told to write down their ideas as a group. You participated in condition…. I want to remind you that you have the right to withdraw any of your data if you wish. If you feel that the experimenter affected you in away, please be assured that advice can be offered. Please contact….. We will inform you of the results later this year. Once again thank you for participating in the research.