1. Michael Barasa*, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Maina Mwangi and Waceke Wanjohi
ASSESSMENT OF PESTS INCIDENCE, PESTICIDE USE AND APPLICATION PRACTICES IN BUNGOMA COUNTY, KENYA
Michael Barasa*, Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu, Maina Mwangi and Waceke Wanjohi
Department of Agricultural Science and Technology, Kenyatta University.
P.o box , Nairobi, Kenya.
2ND International Phytosanitary Conference 6th June, 2018

2. Outline Introduction Methodology Results
Conclusion and recommendations

3. INTRODUCTION
Tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. play a vital role in Kenya.
It is an important source of food, income and employment to small scale farmers.
Tomato accounts for 14% horticultural production in Kenya(GoK, 2014)
The top growing counties are Kajiado, Bungoma and Kirinyaga (ERA, 2015)

4. INTRODUCTION …
Like other crops, tomato and groundnut are attacked by arthropod pests
The leaf miner moth can cause 100% yield loss, 6o% by whiteflies and thrips
Farmers heavily rely on synthetic pesticides in management of insect pests
Synthetic pesticides have led to interception of the pesticide residues on the produce, pollution of the environment and affect on beneficial organisms

5. Objectives
To determine the incidence of major pests of tomato in Bungoma County, Kenya.
To find out the pesticide use and application practices on tomato production in Bungoma County, Kenya.

6. MATERIALS AND METHODS Baseline survey in Bungoma County, Kenya.
Mt Elgon : (LH) zone, Location 1.170N and E, m asl, Nitisols
Bumula :(LM4), location 0.620N and E, m asl, Acrisols
Sirisia: (LM2), location 0.750N and E, m asl, Andosols.
Temperatures : 15oC - 23oC
Rainfall: mm p.a; long rains March-May; short rains Aug-Oct.

7. MATERIALS AND METHODS... Baseline survey in Bungoma County, Kenya.
Mt Elgon
Sirisia
Bumula
Fig 1: Map of Bungoma County, Kenya.
Source: World Resource Institude (2013)
Surveyed Sub-Counties

8. Table 1: Socio-economic characteritics of respondents
Results
Table 1: Socio-economic characteritics of respondents
Sub-County
Variable
Sirisia
Bumula
Mt Elgon
Gender
Male
85.4
80.0
89.7
Female
14.6
20.0
10.3
Age in years
<25
0.0
5.0
26-30
4.9
3.4
31-35
22.0
15.0
17.2
36-40
9.8
34.5
41-45
25.0
37.9
46-50
6.9
51-55
>55
12.2
Education level
None
2.4
Primary
75.6
50.0
55.2
Secondary
19.5
45.0
41.4
Post secondary

9. Table 2: Socio-economic characteristics of respondents…
Sub-County
Variable
Sirisia
Bumula
Mt Elgon
Marital status
Unmarried
0.0
5.0
6.9
Married
97.6
95.0
89.7
Widowed
2.4
3.4
Household size
<2
2-4
7.3
15.0
10.3
4-6
31.7
30.0
55.2
6-8
22.0
27.6
>8
39.0
20.0
Farm size (Hectares) Ha
80.5
55.0
72.4 Ha
14.6
10.0
20.7 Ha
35.0
>2 Ha

10. Percent (%) respondents
Arthropod pest

11. Plate 1: Tuta absoluta Meyrick
Plate 2: Frankiliniella occidentalis Pergade
Plate 3: Myzus persicae Sulzer
Plate 4: Bemisia tabaci Gennadius

12. Table 3: Pesticides used in tomato production in Bungoma County, Kenya
Reported use (%) per Sub-County
Trade name
Active ingredient
Sirisia
Bumula
Mt Elgon
Duduthrin super
Lambda-cyhalothrin 50g/L
19.5
20.0 -
Confidor
Imidacloprid 700g/Kg
24.4
Orthene SC
Acephate
2.4
5.0
Tata alpha 10EC
Alpha-Cypermethrin
4.9
Greenzeb 80 WP
Mancozeb 80% 30
37.9
Alfix 10 EC
Alpha-Cypermethrin 100g/L 5
20.7
Pentagon 10
Engeo 247 SC
Lambda-cyhalotrin 10.6%
6.9
Belt SC
Flubendiamide
Other chemicals
Greenzeb & Duduthrin
Mancozeb, Lambda-cyhalothrin
7.3
10.3
Confidor & Greenzeb
Imidacloprid, Mancozeb
13.8
Confidor & Duduthrin
Imidacloprid, Lambda-cyhalothrin
17.1
3.4

13. Table 4: Pesticides usage practices in Bungoma County, Kenya
Sub-County
Sirisia
Bumula
Mt Elgon
Spray frequency
Weekly
100.0
90.0
93.1
Twice a week
0.0
10.0
6.9
Effectiveness of the chemical
Effective
53.7
40.0
41.4
Not effective
46.3
60.0
58.6
Biopesticides usage awareness
Yes
2.4 No
97.6

14. Table 5: Sources of agricultural advice on usage of pesticides on tomato production
Sub-County
Source of agricultural information
Sirisia
Bumula
Mt Elgon
Agricultural extension officer
2.4
0.0
Agrovet/pesticide stockists
34.1
65.0
62.1
Agricultural trainings
4.9
Other farmers
41.5
30.0
24.1
Mass media
7.3
Own experience
9.8
5.0
13.8

15. More research on biopesticides needed.
Conclusion
Arthropod pests constraints tomato production in Bungoma County, Kenya.
Majority of the farmers in are unaware on the alternatives to synthetic chemicals in tomato production.
Recommendations
Increase awareness - appropriate use of pesticides and food safety to farmers, importance of IPM.
More research on biopesticides needed.

16. Thank you Acknowledgement Dr. Ruth Kahuthia-Gathu Dr.Maina Mwangi
Prof. Waceke Wanjohi
Bungoma County, Ministry of Agriculture.
Farmers- Survey.
Thank you