1. Solar+Storage applications in income eligible multifamily buildings for increased resiliency and savings
Bill lyons

2. Summary
Why Now? Why IL?
Resiliency in Income Eligible Multi-Family (IEMF) Buildings—Historic and Current
Maintenance Issues
Resiliency in Income Eligible Multi-Family Buildings—Future
Storage Installation and Incentive successes
Savings from Solar+Storage in Market Rate and IEMF applications.
Technical and Financial Considerations
Conclusions

3. WHY? Resiliency opportunity
Maintain heat in power outage, Provide critical load power, Cellphone charging
Energy costs disproportionately impact Low and Moderate Income Households
Inconvenience to middle or upper middle can be catastrophic
Programs designed to aid, such as LIHEAP and new proposals under FEJA
Future Energy Jobs Act
Solar and Community Solar
No specific funding for energy storage nor Solar+Storage

4. Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings

5. Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings (One Exception)
Senior and assisted living centers

6. Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings – the past
Single Pipe Steam
Coal burned, steam rose, condensate returned via gravity.
No electricity needed, constant burn rate.
Two Pipe Steam
Increased efficiency; Increased building height; Needs circulating pump (electricity)
Power Blower, Modulating Blowers, averaging controllers, condensing boilers
Increased efficiency; Needs motors, computers (electricity)

7. maintenance in income eligible multifamily buildings – the reality
Equipment is often in disrepair
Maintenance staff are stretched thin.
Equipment is not replaced in time
Preventative maintenance often deferred
Implementation of new technology
Minimize new responsibilities for maintenance staff

8. Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings – the future
NOT natural gas or diesel generators
Too expensive, maintenance issues, fuel
Solar+Storage
Sized to run critical loads such as blower motors, controls, circulating pumps
Duration can be infinite for critical loads (approximately 5 billion years left)
Even more expensive than generators (at this time)
Possible leverage with solar PV funding
Need to advocate for future storage specific incentives

9. Example solar+Storage success
Florida Solar Energy Center School Shelters
10 kW PV array with storage
115 schools across the state
Fossil fuel generators failed at multiple sites
No Solar+Storage failures

10. Example solar+Storage Legislation
Storage specific Legislation
CA, NJ, MA
Community solar success and failure
MA program successful with private investor
CA program: 0 private investor installations
Catch 22 and uncertainty even though levels were acceptable

11. Savings from solar+Storage systems (Market rate)
Frequency Regulation
Was very lucrative in PJM region
recent change reduced profitability
Capacity Charge Reduction (Large accounts)
10 samples “randomly” selected times
Demand Charge Reduction
Reduce Max Power each month
Arbitrage
Sell high, charge low; requires large price change from peak and off peak
Energy Production (and Reduced Energy and Delivery Charges)
Provided by PV generation

12. Savings from solar+Storage systems (Income eligible)
Frequency Regulation
Not likely: Needs special operator status
Capacity Charge Reduction (Large accounts)
Not likely: Too small, requires high level of management
Demand Charge Reduction
Possible: May be difficult for small “common” meter accounts
Arbitrage
Not likely: Requires high level of management
Energy Production (and Reduced Energy and Delivery Charges)
Provided by PV generation

13. Technical and Financial Considerations
Behind or in front of meter?
Distributed generation or community solar
Income eligible housing suitability
typically in areas needing infrastructure upgrades. (roof, existing health/safety issues)
Split Incentives much stronger than in market rate housing
Credit/financing is harder to get and more expensive
Commonly not for profit organizations (POAH, Religious or community groups)
Cannot leverage tax mechanisms (tax credit, accelerated depreciation)
May require developer with tax liabilities to own system
Maintenance facilities and preventative maintenance are often subpar
Generators (NG or Diesel) are very rare

14. Conclusion
Solar+Storage can provide necessary resiliency to IEMF buildings
Solar+Storage is still developing.
Not yet clear its classification (can ComEd own? How do ISO’s treat? Rates?)
Solar+Storage in income elible multi-family buildings needs incentives in IL
There are successful projects and incentive programs in other states
How should these be designed?
How to leverage planned FEJA programs in the interim