1. The Feminization of Hiv in Ecuador Patriarchy as a threat to Public health A transfeminist perspective
Fabián Espinosa – Academic Director – SIT Study Abroad Ecuador/National Identity, Ethnicity, and Social Movements
August 10, 2010

2. Background PreColumbian Cultures / Cosmology and sexuality
Colonial legacy and coloniality of power / social classification system based on ethnicity and gender
Hegemonic masculinity / biopolitical heteronormative discourses / male imaginaries and sexual conduct
Sexism /violence against women / homophobia (discrimination and stigmatization)

3. Public Health State, Civil Society, and International Agencies
Legal and Constitutional Frameworks (1995 violence towards women, 1997 political participation of women, decriminalization of homosexuality, 1999 labor protection for women, 2004 anti-discrimination , crimes of hate, 2008 plurinationality, interculturality, nature as subject of rights, gender identity, civil unions, recognition of diverse family models
Priorities (persons living with HIV; prevention initiatives for girls, boys, and adolescents; vertical transmission; GBTM; sexual workers; gender equity; safe blood; military personnel; prison inmates; refugees)
HIV - From illness to epidemic to pandemic

4. Women and gender
Vulnerability – violence, unfaithfulness, religiosity, abuse and dependency, forced sexual relations, sexual exploitation, exclusion and marginality, poverty and migration
HIV – disempowerment, inability to negotiate condom use, marriage, limited access to sexual and reproductive health care, inexistent male-oriented sexual health programs

5. Citizenships and Subversion (from within)
Activism (Women, Indigenous, and LGBTIQ)
Formal or institutionalized - Legal recognition and resource distribution in order to protect specificity and exercise citizenship – Accomplishments and critiques
Micropolitics – Daily and informal practices, effective possibilities to influence one’s settings and brake away from norm. Rhizome rather than arborescent structure or network. Multiple non- hierarchical entry and exit points.