1. Cycles of Matter

2. Cycles of Matter
Unlike the one-way flow of energy, matter is recycled within and between ecosystems.
Nutrients are needed to build tissues and carry out essential life functions.
Nutrients are passed between organisms and the environment through biogeochemical cycles.

3. Water Cycle Evaporation - water changes from liquid to gas
Transpiration – water evaporates from leaves
In the atmosphere, warm, moist air cools as it rises
water vapor condenses into droplets forming clouds
water leaves the clouds as precipitation
rain, snow, sleet, or hail
On land, precipitation runs along the surface of the ground
until it enters a river or stream
It carries the runoff to an ocean or lake

5. Carbon Cycle
Carbon: animal skeletons, rocks, CO2, released in respiration
Biological Processes - photosynthesis, respiration, & decomposition
Geochemical Processes - erosion & volcanic activity

6. Carbon Cycle
Mixed Biogeochemcial Processes - burial and decomposition of dead
organisms and their conversion to coal and petroleum
Human Activities - mining, cutting, & burning forests, & burning
fossil fuels

8. Nitrogen Cycle N is used to make amino acids  proteins
N2 gas: 78% atmosphere
Ammonia(NH3) & Nitrates(NO3-, NO2- ): waste matter
Nitrogen Fixation: N2 gas NH3 by bacteria on legumes
Organism’s decomposition: NH3  soil
Denitrification: nitrates N2 gas by bacteria