1. Computer Vision & Image Processing
G. Andy Chang
Department of Mathematics & Statistics
Youngstown State University
Youngstown, Ohio

2. Human Vision Illusion 1. Green > Red 2. Green = Red

3. Human Vision

4. Illusion (Human Vision)

5. Vision System Human Vision Qualitative Comparative Computer Vision
Quantitative
Pixel (combination of Picture & Element) is the smallest element of a display which can be assigned a color.
320 pixels
334 pixels
Pixel (combination of Picture & Element) is the smallest element of a display which can be assigned a color.

6. Human hair thickness is about 100 micron.
Old design
Wafer is the unit on which most chip manufacturing steps are performed.
The common diameters of wafer are 80, 100, 125, 200 and 300 mm.
One of the major tasks in the wafer inspection is bump (connector) metrology.
The size of the connector can be as small as few micron (1mm=10-6m).
Human hair thickness is about 100 micron.  
Wafer
Human hair thickness is about 100 micron.

7. Computer Vision 564×380 Digital Image

8. 28
=256
0 ~ 255

9. Original Image (564×380) 8-bit Gray Scale Image (256 gray levels)

10. Image with 84 × 57 pixels (Low resolution)

11. 3-bit Gray Scale Image (0 – 7)
EXCEL WORKSHEET_AM
EXCEL WORKSHEET_PM

12. Original Image (564×380) 8-bit Gray Scale Image (256 = 28 gray levels)

13. Smoothed Image

14. Sharpened Image

15. Inverted Image (564×380) 8-bit Gray Scale Image
0  255
1  254
2  253
3  252
4  251
5  250 …

16. Object Identification
(Binary Thresholding)

17. Object Identification

18. Object Identification

19. Object Identification

25. Old design

26. Human hair thickness is about 100 micron
The size of the connector can be as small as few micron (1micron=10-4cm).
Human hair thickness is about 100 micron
Old design

27. Oyster Size Measurement
(b)
a) Original Image
b) Binary Image of Projected Area

28. Images of Firm and Soft Apples
Compute the standard deviation of the gray scale from pixels.

29. Blood Cells

30. Airborne Spores