1. Nature of Canada’s Economy
CGC 1D

2. Key Questions:
Which resources and industries would you consider to be most valuable to Canada?
How does the human environment affect and change our natural environment?
We will be looking at this through 3 different aspects:
Primary Industry
Manufacturing
Location Factors
Before we move on, we first need an understanding of what makes up the Canadian Economy

3. Economic Structure of Canada
Economic System
The organization in which products and services are made and used up

4. Consumers: people who use products and services.
The economy is made up of two different types of people:
Producers:
people who harvest, manufacture products or provide services.
Consumers: people who use products and services.

5. How we categorize our economic industries
Primary Industries
Secondary Industries
Tertiary Industries
Quaternary Industries

6. Primary Industries industries that harvest natural resources
(natural resources: air, soil, water, oil, plants, rocks, minerals, wildlife)
Examples of Industries: mining, forestry, oil and gas, agriculture, fishing, hunting, trapping

7. Natural Resource Industry
Provinces of Canada and their Primary Industries using natural resources
Natural Resource Industry
Newfoundland & Labrador
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Prince Edward Island
Quebec
Ontario
Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta
British Columbia
Yukon Territory
Northwest Territories
Forestry X
Water (Hydroelectric)
Fishery
Oil & Gas
Agriculture
Mining

8. Primary Industries - Labour
- Lower number of people employed than other industry levels due to mechanization of the job
(one person per big machine)
Skilled labour due to the specialization of the job
(college diploma and apprenticeship)

9. Secondary Industries process raw materials into industrial products
Secondary “Refining” Industries
process raw materials into industrial products
Industries: Steel mills, paper mills, textile mills, plastic manufacturers, flour mill

10. Secondary Industries Secondary “Refining” Industries - Labour
Larger number of people employed than primary industry but still lower than manufacturing industry
Some college skilled labour (steel milling),
Often industry trained labour

11. Secondary Industry Secondary “Manufacturing” Industries
process industrial products into goods
Industries: car makers, garment industry, furniture makers, industrial bakers

12. Secondary Industries Labour Secondary “Manufacturing” Industries
Larger number of people in a factory
Often industry trained labour, low skill labour

13. Tertiary Industry
provide services and distribution of final products to the market
Industries: retail sales, utilities, public administration, communications, health care, restaurants, education

14. Tertiary Industry Labour
Large number of people employed in this industry
Labour skill varies:
Low skill labour
(ex cashier),
College trained
(ex. chef, paramedic),
University trained
(ex. accountant, pharmacist)

15. Quaternary Industry provides intellectual services Industries:
Scientific research, information technology, consultants,

16. Quaternary Industry Labour Small of people employed in this industry
Very highly trained employees
(many years of university)

17. Basic Industries Basic and Non-Basic Industries
Industries that sell their products outside the community, bringing “new” money into the community
Non-Basic Industries
Industries that sell their products within the community, not bringing “new” money into the community

18. Decide if the description is an example of either a basic or non-basic industry:
Job Description
Basic/Non-Basic
Coal miner in northeastern British Columbia
Hairdresser at a shopping mall
Art teacher
Actor at the Stratford Shakespearean Festival
Teller at the local bank
Vice-president of Scotiabank
Professor at Queen’s University
Receptionist at a dentist’s office
Air Canada pilot
School-bus driver
Basic
Non- basic
Non- basic
Basic
Non- basic
Basic
Basic
Non- basic
Basic
Non- basic

19. Now it’s your turn: Complete the following work from your textbook:
Pg 276
#’s 1,2, 3abc, 4
Sectors of Industry :