1. OVERVIEW FOR SALES PEOPLE Visión general para el personal de ventas
Li-ion batteries and applications Baterías de iones de litio y aplicaciones
OVERVIEW FOR SALES PEOPLE
Visión general para el personal de ventas
Davide Andrea, Elithion Inc.

2. Volume 1 chapters
Ch 1: Preface

3. Cell vs battery Celda vs bateria
Ch 2: Concepts - Terminology and misnomers

4. Ch 3.2: Li-ion cell - Types of cells
Type of cells Tipos de celdas
Cell chemistry (and therefore voltage)
Cell formats (shape)
Energy vs Power cells
Ch 3.2: Li-ion cell - Types of cells

5. Ch 3.1: Li-ion cell - Introduction
These are all Li-ion cells Todas estas son céldas de iones de litio
Ch 3.1: Li-ion cell - Introduction

6. Ch 3.2: Li-ion cell - Types of cells
Capacity vs State of Charge (SoC) Capacitad vs Estado de Carga
Capacity (fixed)
State of Charge (0 to 100 %)
Ch 3.2: Li-ion cell - Types of cells

7. Ch 3.2: Li-ion cell - Types of cells
State of Heath Estado de Salud
Cells don't “fail”; they degrade.
Cells degrade:
Capacity drops with time and with use
(therefore it gets discharged faster)
Resistance increase with time and use
(therefore the power ability drops)
Self-discharge over a long period
(if abused, they may develop internal soft short)
Ch 3.2: Li-ion cell - Types of cells

8. Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction
Weak cell Celda débil
Low capacity
High series resistance
High self-discharge current
Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction

9. Basic cell arrangements Arreglos básicos de celdas
Series: most common
Parallel-first: good
Series-first: bad
Parallel
Ch 4.1: Cell arrangement - Introduction

10. Voltage sharing Compartimiento de tensión
Balanced
Ch 4.2: Cell arrangement - Series string

11. Ch 4.5: Cell arrangement - Series-first
Comparison: number of voltage taps Comparación: número de grifos de voltaje
Parallel first
Series first
Ch 4.5: Cell arrangement - Series-first

12. Ch 5.1: Li-ion BMS - Introduction
BMS definition Definición de BMS
The main job of a Battery Management System is to protect each cell in a battery, by keeping it within its Safe Operating Area:
Voltage, temperature and current
A BMS is required with Li-ion
You are not a BMS!
Ch 5.1: Li-ion BMS - Introduction

13. Ch 5.1: Li-ion BMS - Introduction
Four BMS types Cuatro tipos de BMS
Ch 5.1: Li-ion BMS - Introduction

14. Ch 5.7: Li-ion BMS - Balance
Balancing Equilibración
Balancing maximizes battery capacity
It brings all the cells in a series string to the same SoC
It is a performance function (not a safety function)
Ch 5.7: Li-ion BMS - Balance

15. Ch 5.7: Li-ion BMS - Balance
Balancing technologies Tecnologías de equilibración
Dissipative
Charge transfer
Ch 5.7: Li-ion BMS - Balance

16. Ch 5.8: Li-ion BMS - Evaluation
Evaluation Evaluación
State of Charge (SoC)
Effective capacity
State of Health (SoH)
Ground fault
Ch 5.8: Li-ion BMS - Evaluation

17. Ch 5.14: Li-ion BMS - Selection
BMS selection Selección de BMS
Number of cells in series
Minimum cell voltage
Battery physical layout
Cell format
Technology
Special functions
Application
Certifications
Ch 5.14: Li-ion BMS - Selection

18. Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction
Battery definition Definición de una batería
A battery has:
One current
One State of Charge
One protector switch (or a set of switches, for charging and discharging separately)
Two power terminals (or more, for charging and discharging separately)
Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction

19. Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction
Battery design checklist, 1 Lista de verificación de diseño de baterías, 1
Should I design a battery?
Establish application requirements
Produce battery specifications
Propose 2~3 solutions, select one
Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction

20. Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction
Battery design checklist, 2 Lista de verificación de diseño de baterías, 2
Main component selection
Cell mounting design
High power design
Low power design
Thermal design
Mechanical design
Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction

21. Application requirements Requerimientos de aplicacion
The application
Desired life (years), number of cycles
Nominal battery voltage
Profile of the current during a cycle
Required energy density
Cost for first article, cost in quantity
Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction

22. Create battery specifications Crear especificaciones de batería
Nominal capacity at the start of life
Actual capacity at the end of life
Initial range of SoC
Final range of SoC
Cell chemistry
Maximum value of MPT
Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction

23. Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction
Battery use classification Clasificación de las baterías en función de su uso
Energy
Power
Buffer
Ch 6.1: Battery design - Introduction

24. Ch 6.8: Battery design - Protection
Protection is required La protección es necesaria
THE BMS MUST BE ABLE TO SHUT OFF THE BATTERY CURRENT COMPLETELY!
Ch 6.8: Battery design - Protection

25. Ch 6.9: Battery design - Precharge
Current with no precharge Corriente sin precarga
Ch 6.9: Battery design - Precharge

26. Ch 6.10: Battery design - Isolation
Why isolation? ¿Por qué aislamiento?
Ch 6.10: Battery design - Isolation

27. Ch 7.1: Modules & arrays - Introduction
I have an idea!
¡Tengo una idea!
The lead acid legacy:
Stock a single module or string
Sell a single module, to add or replace
Two-battery redundancy
Charge one module at a time
Li-ion can't do that (not easily)
Ch 7.1: Modules & arrays - Introduction

28. Ch 7.8: Modules & arrays - Li-ion and lead-acid
Lead Acid battery replacement
Reemplazo de baterías de plomo ácido
Ch 7.8: Modules & arrays - Li-ion and lead-acid

29. Work environment
Ambiente de trabajo
Ch 8.2: Assembly - Safety

30. Ch 8.9: Assembly - Delivery
Entrega
Deliver a battery
Deliver a manual, explain to end user
Safety
Expectation
Support
Ch 8.9: Assembly - Delivery

31. Ch 9.1: Dysfunctions - Introduction
Troubleshooting and repair
Diagnóstico y reparación
Troubleshooting and repair
Troubleshooting comes first
Repair comes second
Ch 9.1: Dysfunctions - Introduction

32. Application groups Grupos de aplicaciones
Ch 14.1: HV stationary - Introduction

33. Ch 14.3: HV stationary - Utility applications
Demand period
Período de demanda
Ch 14.3: HV stationary - Utility applications

34. Private utility services
Servicios de una empresa eléctrica privada
Arbitrage
Energy services
Ch 14.3: HV stationary - Utility applications

35. Ch 14.4: HV stationary - Microgrid
Typical microgrid
Microred tipica
Ch 14.4: HV stationary - Microgrid

36. Retail Energy Time-Shift service Demand Charge Management service
Servicio de cambiamento del tiempo Servicio de gestión de cargo por demanda
Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer

37. Power quality service Servicio de calidad de la energía
Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer

38. Power company's perspective Customer's perspective
Power quality service
Servicio de calidad de la energía
Power company's perspective
Customer's perspective
Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer

39. Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer
ESS topologies
Topologías ESS
On-line (dual conversion)
Stand-by (off-line)
Delta conversion
Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer

40. Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer
ESS topologies
Topologías ESS
Ch 14.5: HV stationary - Large customer

41. System grounding Puesta a tierra del sistema
Ch 14.9: HV stationary - System integration

42. Grid back-feed Net metering Anti-islanding Black start
Retroalimentación a la red eléctrica
Net metering
Anti-islanding
Black start
Ch 14.9: HV stationary - System integration

43. Thank you. Questions? Gracias. ¿Preguntas?
Davide Andrea, Elithion Inc.