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Properties of Matter Physical and Chemical
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Properties of matter Physical Properties
- characteristic or description of the substance that may help to identify it Chemical Properties - characteristic behaviours that occurs when one substance reacts with another to form new substances.
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Describe this liquid!
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Qualitative Quantitative properties that can be measured
properties that are observed and not measured with a numerical result Quantitative properties that can be measured
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State of Matter Solid, Liquid, Gas, (Plasma) Solar plasmas of Jupiter
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Solubility The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent
Example: Sugar is soluble in water
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Hardness Resistance of a solid to being scratched or dented
Example: diamond is harder than glass Glass tiles are cut using water and diamond encrusted blades
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Malleability Ability of a metal to be hammered or bent into different shapes Example: Aluminum foil is easily bent Chromium metal bent into different shapes
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Describe the state, hardness and malleability of Playdoh.
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Which substance is malleable. Which substance is harder
Which substance is malleable? Which substance is harder? Which one has a lower melting point? Diamonds Copper Pipes
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Chemical Properties of Matter
Chemical Properties of Matter The ability of a substance to react with another substance and form one or more new substances
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Corrosion A slow chemical change that occurs when metal reacts with oxygen to form oxides. For example, iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide. This is also called rusting or tarnishing.
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Reactivity with Acids Substances react with acids to produce a gas. Example: baking soda and vinegar react to produce carbon dioxide gas
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Combustibility The ability of a substance to react with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. For example, when gas is brought close to a flame, it ignites and burns forming new substances.
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Ductility Ability of a metal to be pulled into wires
Example: Copper is very ductile and is commonly used for electrical wiring
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Conductivity If a substance is able to conduct heat or electricity.
Conductor – able to conduct Example: most metals, copper is very good Insulator – has little or no conductivity Example: styrofoam, glass
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Melting and Boiling Points
Temperature at which substances change state Water changes from solid to a liquid at 0ºC
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Lustre - Shininess or dullness
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Clarity Ability to allow light through
Transparent, translucent or opaque
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Viscosity How easy a liquid flows
Example: The thicker the liquid, the slower it flows and is more viscous. Corn syrup is viscous, water is not viscous
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Density The amount of matter per unit volume Density = mass/volume
Example: Lead is very dense, feathers are not dense
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