1. Diabetes: Introduction

2. OUTLINE Insulin and Sugar (Glucose) Symptoms and Reasons
Logics and Tips to Apply

3. Glucose is the currency of body & every cell needs it
Type 2
Type 1

4. Type 2 DM

5. Type 1 Type 2 Defects in Diabetes Zero Insulin Less Insulin
Lost Identity
Type 1
Type 2

6. Cont. Progressive Disorder Weakness Weight Loss Excessive Hunger
Excessive Thirst
Progressive Disorder

7. Simple Logics and Application agents
 Insulin secretion
Pancreas
 Carbohydrate breakdown/ absorption
Intestine
-glucosidase inhibitors (e.g. acarbose) – delay digestion and absorption of carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal tract.1,2
Sulfonylureas and meglitinides – stimulate insulin secretion from the pancreas.1,2
Biguanides (e.g. metformin) – suppress liver glucose output, enhance insulin sensitivity in the liver and stimulate insulin-mediated glucose disposal. They do not stimulate insulin secretion.1,2
Thiazolidinediones – decrease insulin resistance in fat, muscle and liver. In addition, they improve estimates of -cell function.1,2
1Kobayashi M. Diabetes Obes Metab 1999; 1 (Suppl. 1):S32–S40.
2Nattrass M & Bailey CJ. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 13:309–329.
 Insulin resistance
Kobayashi M. Diabetes Obes Metab 1999; 1 (Suppl. 1):S32–S40.
Nattrass M & Bailey CJ. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 13:309–329.

8. Sulfonylureas/ meglitinides
Diet Pattern
 Insulin secretion
Sulfonylureas/ meglitinides
Divided Meals
Small Eating (Portion Size)
Preserve Pancreas from Over-exertion

9.  Carbohydrate breakdown/ absorption -glucosidase inhibitors
Type of Carbohydrates
 Carbohydrate breakdown/ absorption
-glucosidase inhibitors
Complex Carbs (More of Fibre)
Reduced Absorption
Better Glycemic Control alongwith Satiety

10. Tips to Patient More Vegetables Fruits (portion size) Avoid Juices
Slow Eating (Better Satiety)
Consumption of Water and Buttermilk b/w Meals

11. Insuiln Sensitivity More Fibres Watch on Fat Consumption
 Insulin resistance
Thiazolidinediones
More Fibres
Watch on Fat Consumption
Active Daily Life
Individualized Approaches for Exercise Plan

12. Need of Hour
Protect Those Who Makes Genuine Mistakes.

13. Thank you