1. Pelvic Girdle, Lower Extremities and Articulations

2. * * * * * * *
Obturator Foramen

3. * *

4. Comparison of Male and Female Pelvic Structure
Image from Table 7.4

5. Comparison of Male and Female Pelvic Structure
Characteristic
Female
Male
Bone thickness
Lighter, thinner, and smoother
Heavier, thicker, and more prominent markings
Pubic arch/angle
80˚–90˚
50˚–60˚
Acetabula
Small; farther apart
Large; closer together
Sacrum
Wider, shorter; sacral curvature is accentuated
Narrow, longer; sacral promontory more ventral
Coccyx
More movable; straighter
Less movable; curves ventrally

6. * *

7. * * * *

8. Foot

9. Articulations & Body movements
Holds the body’s bones together
Allow your rigid skeleton some flexibility
Classified by degree of movement:
Fibrous (immoveable)
sutures
Cartilaginous (rigid, slightly moveable)
Intervertebral disc, puic symphysis, costal cartilage
Synovial joints (freely moveable)
Shoulders, elbows, knees

10. Synovial Joints Characteristics: Freely moveable
The bones are separated by a cavity (usually fluid filled)
Most joints in the body

11. Synovial joints
*Know the name of the type of synovial joint, and where you can find it!
1. Plane (Gliding)
Intercarpal/ intertarsal joints
2. Hinge (only allow movement in one plane- back and forth)
Knee & elbow
3. Pivot (allows bones to rotate around another)
Neck
Radius and ulna
Plane
Hinge

12. Pivot Joints

13. Synovial Joints 4. Condyloid (Ellipsoidal)
Knuckles
5. Saddle (side to side motion)
Thumb
6. Ball and Socket (most freely moveable joints)
Shoulders and hips
Saddle
Ball & Socket