1. Landscapes
-the general shape of the land
Arches
National Park, Utah
Doone Valley,
England

2. I. Types
A. Plains-Lowlands
1. Usually composed of horizontal, sedimentary rock, has a low
elevation and generally level surface with little change in slope.
2. Streams meander over a broad
flood plain.

3. B. Plateaus-Uplands
Medium elevation, steep to gentle
slopes, horizontal sedimentary bedrock.
2. Streams have
a high velocity with
rapids and meanders.

4. C. Mountains-Highlands
1. High relief(distance from highest to
lowest elevation), distorted bedrock,
usually igneous or metamorphic.
2. High elevation, streams have a high
velocity.

5. II. Forces that Shape the Earth
A. Uplifting Forces(Constructive)-
they build up the Earth and enlarge
the surface area of continents.
1. Folding/Faulting
2. Earthquakes
3. Volcanoes

6. B. Leveling Forces(Destructive)- they
decrease the elevation of the
Earth’s surface.
Subsidence or sinking of the land.
Weathering
Erosion

7. C. Climate Factors
1. Humid regions have rounded hills,
more vegetation.

8. 2. Arid regions have angular landforms, very little vegetation.
Monument Valley State Park, Utah

9. D. Bedrock Types
-resistant
vs.
non-resistant
E. Time- landscapes change in elevation
and relief the longer they are
exposed to the atmosphere.

10. III. Stream Drainage Patterns
-found on gentle sloping
landscapes-PLAINS
A. Dendritic

11. B. Radial-
streams flow down a
mountain side.

12. C. Trellis
-forms in areas that have
undergone faulting or folding.

13. D. Annular-
found on domed mountains with
resistant bedrock and erosion.

15. IV. Other Facts About Landscapes
Boundaries between landscape regions
show a distinct change in elevation.
Madison, NY
SE of Syracuse

16. B. The majority of NYS landscapes have
sedimentary bedrock.
C. The Adirondacks are metamorphic
rock and the oldest bedrock in NYS.
D. Long Island is mostly gravel from glacial
till and is the youngest bedrock in NYS.