1. Chapter 10 – AC Circuits Recall: Element Impedances and Admittances
Procedure:
Transform sinusoidal time functions to phasors, and convert element to complex impedance/admittance.
2. Apply network reduction, or other circuit principles (KVL, KCL, nodal, mesh, etc.) to determine desired response in phasor form.
3. Transform results to time functions.

2. Nodal Analysis:
Example 1. Find ix using nodal analysis.

3. Recall: Nodal Analysis with Voltage Sources

4. Mesh Analysis
Example 2. Find I0 using nodal analysis.

5. Recall Mesh Analysis with Current Sources:

6. Superposition:
- Each source may have its own frequency  impedances of elements depend on which source is on.
See Example 10.6

7. Source Transformation:

8. Thevenin’s Theorem
A linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a voltage source VTh in series with an impedance ZTh, where:
VTh = Voc = open-circuit voltage at the terminals
ZTh = equivalent impedance at the terminals with all the independent sources turned off.

9. Example. Find Io using Thevenin’s Theorem.

10. Norton Equivalent Circuit
A linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a current source IN in parallel with an impedance ZN, where:
IN = Isc = short-circuit current through the terminals
ZN = equivalent impedance at the terminals with all the independent sources turned off.

11. OP AMP AC Circuits:
Example. Find the voltage gain Av = Vo/Vs.