1. Unit 4: Cells 4.2 Lipids

2. Lipids
A macromolecule that contains carbon. Examples include fats, oils, waxes, and hormones.

3. Function
Store energy
INSULATE the body to maintain normal body temperature
CUSHION the internal organs for protection.
Produce hormones for the body called STERIODS
Waterproof surfaces of animals, plants, and fruits- these are waxes!
Important part of the cell membrane
THINK: Waterproof, insulate, steriods, energy, cushion, membrane… “WISE CM”

4. Structure Hydrophobic because the covalent bonds are nonpolar!
Elements/Formula: CHO
Made up of 1C for every 2H and little amounts of O
Monomer: Glyceride and Fatty acid
Polymer: triglyceride
The bond between a fatty acid and glycerol is a type of covalent bond.

6. Types of Fatty Acids Saturated: 2H per Carbon
Unsaturated: <2H per Carbon
 one or more double bonds

7. Saturated vs. Unsaturated

8. Structure Hydrophobic Hydrophilic Diglyceride:
One molecule of glycerol
Two fatty acids.
Ex: Phospholipids- form cell membranes, has a highly polar group at one end and two fatty acid tails.
Polar Head
Glycerol
Fatty Acid Tails
Hydrophobic
Hydrophilic

10. Structure Triglycerides: One molecule of glycerol Three fatty acids.
Looks like an “E”
Ex:
Hormones
Steroids
Cholesterol
Waxes (protection & waterproofing)

11. To identify, look for: CHO with 1 C for every 2 H, very little O
Looks like an “E”
Long Chains