1. Global Dimensions (Entrepreneurship – later)
Management
Global Dimensions (Entrepreneurship – later)

2. Cpt. Global Economy
Inventory of clothing – where were your clothes made?
Gildan: Gildan is a vertically-integrated marketer and manufacturer of quality branded basic apparel.

3. Key Terms (Understand them)
Going Global: sourcing, export/import, licensing/franchising, joint ventures, strategic alliances
Global Environments: legal, political, trade agreements, barriers, alliances
Ethical Challenges
Culture Shock
National Cultures / Values
Project Globe

4. Stranger in a Strange Land
Award winning book (1961)
The story focuses on a human raised on Mars and his adaptation to, and understanding of, humans and their culture.
While we are from the same planet – some things different cultures “do” will seem very strange to you!

5. Making the Strange Familiar
Problem based learning
Focus: You will be leading a company in another country
Task: What skills do you need to have to be a successful international leader? What dangers do you need to watch out for as you lead in a foreign country?
Come up with a “list of learning” points you would like to acquire.

6. Session Learning Goals
Appreciate the different ways to understand culture.
Understand our own attitudes and perspectives
Develop our Cultural Intelligence

7. Stages in becoming an International Manager
Confusion: first contacts leave you anxious, uncomfortable and in need of advice
Small victories: interactions bring success, confidence grows
The honeymoon: a time of wonderment, local ways viewed positively
Irritation and rage: negatives overwhelm positives, you become critical
Reality: time of rebalancing, enjoy new culture while accommodating less desirable elements

8. Ways to look at Country Cultures
Hofstede
Trompenaars
Language Context
Time context
Space context
NOTE: it is these similarities/differences to your culture that you will both adore and dislike about your international assignments!!

9. Power Distance: the degree to which a society accepts unequal distribution of power
High Power Distance:
Respect for age, status, titles
Tolerant of power by following rules and accept differences in rank
China, India, Philippines
Low Power Distance
Tendency towards informality, casual dress,
Australia, Canada, USA

10. Individualism / Collectivism: the degree of individuals being integrated into groups
Collectivistic: cultures whose members are strongly integrated into groups or families
China, Mexico, Thailand
Individualistic: cultures have members who are only loosely connected and who are responsible for themselves
Canada, USA, NZ

11. Masculinity / Femininity: explains in how far a society is characterized through
Masculine:
extrovert and competitive behaviour
Japan, Mexico, Canada
Femininity:
is expressed through caring attributes and the emphasis on harmony
Thailand, Sweden

12. Uncertainty Avoidance: tolerance towards uncertainties, change and risk
High Uncertainty Avoidance
These cultures have a preference for structure, order, planning and predictability
Cultures with high uncertainty avoidance often show their emotions more compared to cultures with low uncertainty avoidance.
Japan, France
Low Uncertainty Avoidance
These cultures display openness to change and innovation
USA, Sweden

13. Long-term / short-term orientation The degree that a culture focuses on long term or short term time horizons or goals
Long-term
Focus on values of persistence thrift, patience and willingness to work for long-term success
China, India, Japan
Short-term
Impatient, desire for quick gratification
USA, Canada, Netherlands

15. Examples of ways of comparisons

16. Managerial Application
You are a consultant helping a firm try to negotiate a partnership with a foreign company – drawing from these 2 cultural perspectives – what would you do to help the firm on how to negotiate to ensure success if the two sides were:
Canada and China
India and Australia
Saudi Arabia and France
South Africa and Pakistan

17. Trompenaars’s Framework
Universalism vs Particularism
rules or relationships most important
Individualism vs Collectivism
the individual or the group most important
Neutral vs Emotional
the range of feelings expressed
Specific vs Diffuse
the range of personal interaction (work and outside)
Achievement vs Prescriptive
how status is accorded (merit or class)
Time
Sequential or synchronic
Environment
Control of the environment versus working in harmony with nature

18. Context: how cultures use language
High Context:
These cultures rely on nonverbal and situational cues as well as on spoken or written words in communication
Often, after relationships are established and a context for communication is exists is it possible to make business deals
Thailand, Malaysia
Low Context:
These cultures emphasize communication via spoken or written words
For example, these cultures say or write what they mean, and we mean what we say
USA, Canada, Germany

19. How Cultures use Time Monochronic Polychronic
People in these types of cultures tend to do one thing at a time
Polychronic
People from these cultures tend to try and accomplish many different things at once
Example: A Canadian visitor (monochronic culture) to an Egyptian client (polychronic culture) might be frustrated by continued interruptions as the client greets and deals with people flowing in and out of his office.

20. How Cultures use Space This is a silent part of culture
Personal space – how close to each other to people talk, stand?
What is valued?
How are public spaces organized?

21. Where you stand … Determines your view

22. Cultural Intelligence
CQ – your ability to work across cultures
Drive – interest in adapting to cross cultural issues
Knowledge – understand cultural similarities and differences
Strategy – draw from their awareness to think and plan
Action – adapt own behaviour to other cultures

23. Drive
Answer each question using the scale and then total your score ________
1: Strongly agree, 2: Agree, 3: Neutral, 4: Disagree, 5: Strongly disagree

24. Knowledge
Answer each question using the scale and then total your score ________
1: Strongly agree, 2: Agree, 3: Neutral, 4: Disagree, 5: Strongly disagree

25. Strategy
Answer each question using the scale and then total your score ________
1: Strongly agree, 2: Agree, 3: Neutral, 4: Disagree, 5: Strongly disagree

26. Action
Answer each question using the scale and then total your score ________
1: Strongly agree, 2: Agree, 3: Neutral, 4: Disagree, 5: Strongly disagree

27. Cultural Intelligence
CQ – your ability to work across cultures
Drive – interest in adapting to cross cultural issues
Knowledge – understand cultural similarities and differences
Strategy – draw from their awareness to think and plan
Action – adapt own behaviour to other cultures
HOW did you do?
Who are you now.

28. Next Day Second client visit – come with questions
Individual Behaviour Cpt 15