1. Review Questions Byzantine Empire thru Meso-America

2. Why did the Western Roman Empire decline?

4. Two reforms by Constantine?

5. Legalized Christianity and moved the capital from Byzantium to Constantinople

6. Emperor who divided the Roman Empire into East and West?

7. Diocletian

8. Capital of the Byzantine Empire?

9. Constantinople

10. Geographical advantages to Constantinople?

11. Easily protected, away from Germanic invasions, crossroads of trade, close to Silk Road, and great harbor

12. Great Byzantine Emperor?

13. Justinian

14. 3 accomplishments made by Justinian?

15. Reconquered former Roman territories, code of laws (Justinian’s Code), and expanded trade

16. Religious images (used by Byzantine empire)

17. Icon

18. Language spoken by most people of the Byzantine Empire?

19. Greek

20. Great Byzantine domed Church?

21. Hagia Sophia

22. Schism?

23. Religious division or split

24. What factors caused the schism between the Roman Catholic Church and the Byzantine Church (Orthodox)?

25. Language (Latin v. Greek), celibacy (yes v
Language (Latin v. Greek), celibacy (yes v. no), icon controversy, pope v. patriarch

26. Missionary who spread Christianity to eastern Europe and developed an alphabet?

27. Cyril

28. Where did Islam begin?

29. Arabian Peninsula, Mecca, and Medina

30. Who is the prophet of Islam?

31. Muhammad

32. Who is the god of Islam?

33. Allah

34. What is the Islamic holy book?

35. Quran

36. What are the duties of Muslims?

37. Five Pillars

38. What caused the Sunni-Shi’a schism?

39. Debate over who was the successor to Muhammad

40. The west African kingdoms of Songhai, Ghana, and Mali traded what?

41. Gold and salt

42. Language of Muslims?

43. Arabic

44. Muslims were defeated here preventing the spread of Islam into Europe?

45. Battle of Tours

46. Muslim contributions?

47. Mosaics, Arabic, number system including zero, algebra, medicine, and geography

48. Land given to a vassal in exchange for loyalty?

49. Fief

50. Political and military system in which nobles entered arrangements with other lords in exchange for protection?

51. Feudalism

52. Manors were expected to be able to meet all needs meaning they were?

53. Self-sufficient

54. Peasants during feudal times that were bound to the land?

55. Serfs

56. In exchange for a fief these people offer protection to their lord and to serve him?

57. Vassal

58. Great Frankish king who was crowned Holy Roman Emperor?

59. Charlemagne

60. Frankish king who revived Roman culture, stressed education, expanded his empire through most of western Europe?

61. Charlemagne

62. State religion of ancient Japan? Believes in Kami?

63. Shinto

64. City in west Africa that served as the foundation for trans-Saharan trade of gold and salt?

65. Timbuktu

66. African civilization located on the Limpono and Zambezi Rivers?

67. Zimbabwe

68. Religion of west African kingdoms?

69. Islam

70. What was the name of the Christian African kingdom?

71. Axum

72. What were the geographical advantages of Zimbabwe’s location?

73. Zambezi River, Limpono Rivers, and near the Indian Ocean

74. What products were traded by West African civilizations?

75. Gold and salt

76. Civilization located in the Mexican and Central American rainforest?

77. Maya

78. Civilization located in central Mexico?

79. Aztec

80. Capital of Aztec?

81. Tenochtitlan

82. Achievements made by the Maya, Aztecs, and Incan?

83. Calendar, mathematics, and pyramids