1. social
sciences 4

2. The air around us
We live in the troposphere which has the air we breathe. Air is made up of oxygen, nitrogen and small amounts of other gases, such as carbon dioxide.
The stratosphere is the next layer above the troposphere. It can reach to about 50 kms above sea level. It’s where jet planes fly.
The next layer up is the ionosphere. It’s next to space and there are satellites here.

3. Measuring the weather
Scientists called meteorologists use instruments to measure the atmospheric conditions.
A rain gauge measures precipitation.
A thermometer measures the temperature in the air.
A barometer gives us the air pressure which can indicate if it will rain.

4. Climate
Climate is the group of typical conditions of a place over the year.

5. Protecting ourselves and the Earth
The ozone layer protects us against the Sun’s harmful UV-B rays.
We should drink plenty of liquids to stop us from dehydrating.
There are holes in the ozone layer but scientists also think that the atmosphere has become thicker because of pollution.
Hurricanes are storms with very strong winds.

6. What have we learnt? The layers of the Earth’s atmosphere are…
troposphere
stratosphere
ionosphere

7. What have we learnt? We can measure the weather with … rain gauges
thermometers
barometers

8. What have we learnt? The types of climates that we can find are…
Continental Mediterranean climate
Subtropical climate
Mediterranean climate
Oceanic climate
Mountain climate

9. protecting us from the Sun
What have we learnt?
We should take care of ourselves and the Earth…
protecting us from the Sun
preventing pollution