1. Kingdom ProtistA

2. What is a Protist? Includes more than 200,000 species
Protists are more defined by what they are not:
They aren’t plants, animals, fungi, or prokaryotes
Unicellular eukaryotes
3 groups: Animal-like, Plant-like, and Fungus-like

3. Animal-like Protists - Protozoans
Heterotrophic
4 phyla are separated by movement
Phylum Zoomastigina (Zooflagellates) –
Have either one or two flagella
All reproduce asexually by mitosis
Some can also reproduce sexually – meiosis
Phylum Sarcodina (Sarcodines) –
Have pseudopods (“false foot”) for feeding and movement

4. Sarcodine
Zooflagellate

5. Animal-like Protists - Protozoans
Phylum Ciliophora (Ciliates) –
Have cilia which are short hair-like projections used for feeding and movement
Phylum Sporozoa (Sporozoans) –
Do not move on their own
Parasitic
Many protozoans can cause serious diseases, including malaria and African Sleeping Sickness.

6. Sporozoan
Ciliate

7. Plant-like Protists – Algae
Autotrophic protists – photosynthesis
All contain chlorophyll and accessory pigments allow algae to harvest and use the energy from sunlight.
7 phyla of plant-like protists
Phylum Euglenophyta (Euglenophytes) –
Have two flagella but no cell wall
In absence of sunlight, they have the ability to be heterotrophic

8. Euglena

9. Plant-like Protists – Algae
Phylum Chrysophyta (Chrysophytes) –
Have golden chloroplasts
Can form threadlike colonies
Phylum Bacillariophyta (Diatoms) –
Produce thin, delicate cell walls rich in silicon which is the main component of glass
Shape is similar to a petri dish
Phylum Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates) –
Half are autotrophic, half are heterotrophic
Have 2 flagella
Many are bioluminescent

10. Chrysophytes
Diatoms

11. Some dinoflagellates can cause red tides!

12. Plant-like Protists – Algae
Phylum Rhodophyta (Red Algae) –
Contain chlorophyll a and red accessory pigments called phycobilins
Phylum Phaeophyta (Brown Algae) –
Contain chlorophyll a and c, and a brown accessory pigment called fucoxanthin
Kelp
Phylum Chlorophyta (Green Algae) –
Contain chlorophyll a and b
Share many similar characteristics to land plants

13. Red Algae

14. Brown Algae

15. Green Algae

16. Fungus-like Protists
Heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from dead or decaying organic matter
Lack a cell wall
3 groups
Phylum Acrasiomycota – Cellular slime molds
Phylum Myxomycota – Acellular slime molds
Phylum Oomycota – Water molds

17. Fungus-like Protists
Myxomycota
Oomycota
Acrasiomycota