1. Technical Services Nutritionist: NORAM
The Use of Mintrex Organic Trace Minerals in Layer & Breeder Production
P. Welch, MS, PhD, PAS
Technical Services Nutritionist: NORAM

2. Presentation Overview
Overview of physical and chemical properties of Mintrex trace minerals
Review trace mineral requirements
Relative bioavailability of Mintrex vs. other OTM’s and ITM’s
Other benefits associated with the use of Mintrex trace minerals
Review trial results… Layer/Breeder/Turkeys

3. Key Mintrex Opportunities
Layers/Breeders
Egg production
Shell quality
Hatchability
Immune enhancement
Progeny health

4. Zn, Cu, Mn essential for egg shell formationCa
Calcification of
a collagen/keratin matrix
depends on
enzymatic cofactors
Mn  glycosyl transferase & alkaline phosphatase
Cu  lysyl oxidase
Z n  carbonic anhydrase

5. NRC & Layer Recommendations
(ppm in feed) Zn Cu Mn
Lohmann 60 5
100
Hy-Line 88 11
Isa Brown 8 70
NRC - 94 40 ?
Industry
50-85
6 - 9
5.5 6 35 20
Leeson (2005) 50
50 – 80
5 - 15
EU max poultry
(natural content raw materials + added OTM or ITM)
150 25
Layers
Pullets EU 5

6. Mintrex Recommendations for Poultry

7.  coordinate covalent bonds
Mintrex Overview
X-ray crystallography: Zn-O bond lengths 2.0 to 2.1 Å
 coordinate covalent bonds

8. Mintrex Trace Minerals are Protected from Antagonist
Phytate
Other macro and trace minerals
Protected from acidic pH

9. Prevents Chelation by Antagonists

10. MINTREX® - A Better Bond at Low pH Degree of Chelate Stability in Solution
Computer model by W.R. Harris, University of Missouri, 2003

11. Model for Mineral Delivery and Absorption
Metallothionein or ZnAlbumin

12. Differences in bioavailability between sources

13. Slope Ratio Analysis MINTREX® vs
Slope Ratio Analysis MINTREX® vs. Zn Sulfate … Relative Bioavailability (RBV)
Tibia Zinc
Small Intestinal
Metallothionine (MT)
MINTREX
Tibia Zn (µg)
MINTREX
ZnSO4
MT mRNA
ZnSO4
Supplemental Zn intake, mg
Supplemental Zn Intake (mg)
Y = X X2
Y = X X2
m1 vs. m2: P = 0.001
(RBV) = 161%
m1 vs. m2: P = 0.009
RBV = 248%
Richards et al., 2012

14. Relative bioavailability of MINTREX® was even higher in the presence of phosphorus antagonist (1.2% P04)
Tibia Zinc
Small Intestinal MT
MINTREX
Tibia Zn (µg)
MINTREX
MT mRNA
ZnSO4
ZnSO4
Supplemental Zn intake, mg
Supplemental Zn Intake (mg)
Y = X X2
Y = X X2
m1 vs. m2 : P = 0.006
m1 vs. m2 : P = 0.004
RBV = 441%
RBV = 426%
Richards et al., 2012

15. Zinc Bioavailability Trial in Broilers
Broilers on a milo-soy depletion diet for 13 days…
Placed on corn-soy treatment diets on day 14:
Control ppm Zn from ingredients
Zinc Sulfate ppm Zn
Zinc Proteinate (Bioplex) +70 ppm Zn
Zn MAAC (Glycinate) +70 ppm Zn
Zn AA Complex (Availa) +70 ppm Zn
True chelate (MINTREX®) +70 ppm Zn
Jejunum samples collected on day 16 for MT assay

16. MT Assay Results of Different Zn Sources
MINTREX
MAAC
BIOPLEX
Proteinate = Alltech Bioplex
AAC = Availa Zn
AVAILA
S04
Ing
Richards et al., 2012

17. Improved Immunity and Reduced Oxidative Stress

18. A strengthened immune response
Set Up:
North East US producer
Layers, 51 to 61 w
Control group (ITM): 80 ppm Zn : 8 ppm Cu: 100 ppm Mn
MINTREX®: “ on top” : + 20 ppm Zn: 10 ppm Cu: 20 ppm Mn
p = 0.02
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.5
7.0
ITM
MINTREX®
Newcastle disease
7.5
8.0
8.5
9.0
9.5
10.0
ITM MINTREX®
Infectious Bronchitis
Average titer
Average titer
Enhanced development of anti-body titers for IBR & NCD
CV = 38.4
The good immunity during the egg production is very important because the main diseases are viral and the amount of antibiotics in her production is limited.
As we can see in this trial, the birds eating Mintrex had a better immunity, better titers against bronchitis and Newcastle disease.
CV = 12.8
CV = 13.2
CV = 54.8
Ref. Internal Novus Trial
Better health and welfare status 18

19. Higher resistance to oxidative stress
Plasma lipid peroxide (µmol/ml) 18
p < 0.01 a b 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
- Contro (No added TM)
ITM 30:5:20
AA complex 30:5:20
MINTREX® 30:5:20
Reduces the potential for oxidative tissue damage
Measuring the level of oxidized forms of lipids from blood is a method to measure oxidative stress:
it reflects the extent of oxidative damage in the bird.
Battery study in broilers. LPO levels were measured on day 29 post-hatch using a commercially-available kit (Cayman Chemical).
Use of Mintrex significantly reduced the peroxide levels indicating a reduced level of oxidative stress.
Richards et al. (2010) Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 23(11):
Egg contains 4.5 g of fat
Better health and welfare status
Better health and welfare status 19

20. OMRI Approved

21. MINTREX® Cu in Feed Conversion - Brazil
Performance day
T1 x T2: P=0.0882
Inor x Org: P=0.0801
3.5 pts
Sulfate
MINTREX Cu
(ppm)
120 30 60
Sulfate
MINTREX Cu
(ppm)
120 30 60

22. Use of Mintrex® Trace Minerals in Turkeys
Pat Welch, MSc, PhD, PAS
Technical Services Nutritionist

23. NRC and Breeder Recommendations
(ppm in feed) Zn Cu Mn
NRC
40-70
6-8 60
Hybrid
10-15
Nicolas
10-20
Industry
80-120
25-125 40 8
Cobb
100 15
Aviagen 16
120
Hubbard
70-80 10
70-100
8-125
EU max poultry
(natural content raw materials + added OTM or ITM)
150 25
Broilers
Turkeys
NRC is commonly used as a baseline for formulation but does not take into account effects like stress on requirements.
All requirements performed years ago using only ITM as the standards. EU 23

24. Mintrex Recommendations for Poultry
Class of Poultry Zn
Cu* Mn
Broilers 40 10 50
Layers
Breeders 15 60
Turkeys
Novus Recommendations , ppm
* Use 30 ppm Mintrex Cu when ITM copper levels are = or >
100 ppm …
Mintrex Levels
Megharaja Manangi 5/28/2015
You have different recommendations than Novus suggested like for layers. It should be OK as long as you convince.I see that you want to keep it same for borilers and layers. I agree that Novus in general suggest the same strategy for broielrs and layers like (as guidelines)

25. Mintrex P Improved Turkey Leg and Footpads (20 wks – 2lbs
Mintrex P Improved Turkey Leg and Footpads (20 wks – 2lbs./Ton Mintrex P on top) – 42 lb. Toms
0.82
40Zn:20Cu:40Mn

26. Mintrex P Improved Cortical Bone Width and Bone Breaking Strength

27. Mintrex P Se significantly reduced total leg problems (Varus + Valgus + Shaky leg)
Zn& Mn: ppm
Cu: 145
Mtx: Blend 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
12 weeks
15 weeks
17 weeks
20 weeks
% Leg problem incidence
Control
Mintrex Pse
P=.001
P=.0001
P=.008
These improvements are due to the inclusion of Mintrex Pse compared to the Control, both without HyD.
See decreases in lameness associated with Varus, valgus and shaky leg. Varus and valgus can lead to slipped tendon, has been associated with Mn (?) in the past
Interestingly there was NO TD in this trial so we couldn’t evaluate any effects there
Ferket et. al. (2009)

28. Mintrex PSe increased tibia breaking strength when combined with HyD

29. Mintrex PSe significantly improved feed conversion
2.82
2.80
P= 0.009
2.78
2.76
2.78
2.74
We also saw 4 pts feed conversion due strictly to the inclusion of Mintrex Pse. Believe this is not a direct result of mineral nutrition, but rather the result of reducing lameness in these birds.
2.72
2.74
2.70
2.68
Control
Mintrex Pse

30. 30