1. The Periodic Table

2. How the Periodic Table is organized
In order of increasing atomic number.
Can be broken down into
Metals, non metals and metalloids
Groups = columns
Periods = rows

3. 1A 8A 2A
3A 4A 5A 6A 7A
Transition Metals
Lanthanide Series
Actinide Series

5. 3 classes of elements Metals: Non- Metals: Metalloids:
Most elements are metals
Good conductors of heat, high luster, solids at room temperature (except Mercury) malleable
Non- Metals:
Most are gasses at room temp (bromine is liquid)
Tend to have opposite properties of metals
Metalloids:
Has properties of both metals and nonmetals
Can behave as either metal or nonmetal.

6. Breakdown of Metals, nonmetals and metalloids

7. Transition Metals- d block
Most are good conductors of electricity and heat.
They vary in their reactivity
They form highly colored ions in solution.

9. Valence Electrons and Octet Rule
Valence electrons - # of electrons in outer most shell.
Octet Rule – All elements want to have 8 electrons in their valence shell.

10. Groups of periodic table- Vertical Columns
Group 1A- Alkali Metals
Soft, silver grey metals, VERY reactive with water (explosive)
Have 1 electron in outer valence shell
Group 2A- Alkaline Earth Metals
Less reactive than alkali metals.
Have 2 e- in outer valence shell.

11. Groups of periodic table- Vertical Columns
Group 3A-
React with halogens.
3 e- in outer shell
Group 4A-
All life are carbon based compounds- very important element!
4 e- in outer shell!

12. Groups of periodic table- Vertical Columns
Group 5A-
Except Nitrogen gas, all elements are solids at room temperature
5 e- in valence shell.
Group 6A-
Oxygen reacts with most elements to form oxides.
6 e- in valence shell.

13. Groups of periodic table- Vertical Columns
Group 7A- Halogens
Nonmetals, very reactive, do not exist in elemental form in nature.
7 e- in valence shell.
Group 8A- Noble Gases
Each gas has a characteristic color in a gas tube.
8 e- in valence shell.