1. Creatine is naturally produced, however creatine supplements have shown to increase the store in the body by up to an upper limit of around 20%! Excess creatine is excreted in the urine. Studies have been completed on the effect on different “types” of athletes. Which sports would you notice it having a positive impact?
No short term effects, however concerns about expended periods as kidney damage

2. What happens to the body under vigorous exercise?
Learning Outcomes
By the end of this lesson I would like you to be
able to answer …..
What happens to the body under vigorous exercise?

3. Exercise time Work in pairs
Take the pulse of you partner for 30 seconds then multiply it by 2 to get a resting heart rate. Write this down.
Time your partner doing star jumps/steps on stairs/jogging on the spot for 3 min.
Take their pulse again immediately after exercise. Write this value down.
Switch places and repeat.

4. Strenuous Exercise ATP in muscles cells only last 3 seconds!
So what does your body do?

5. Creatine phosphate continues to provide energy for a few more seconds.
As intensive exercise continues, the cells respire anaerobically as insufficient oxygen from bloodstream to support aerobic respiration.
Citric acid cycle or electron transport chain not function without oxygen! So only glycolysis will produce ATP (2NADH into 2 ATP)

6. Conversion of pyruvate (pyruvic acid) into lactic acid (lactate)
Glucose (6C)
Lots of steps
2 ADP+ Pi
2NAD
Oxygen debt build up
Oxygen debt repaid
2 ATP
2NADH
2 x Pyruvate (3C)
/ pyruvic acid
Conversion of pyruvate (pyruvic acid) into lactic acid (lactate)
NSDH conversion occurs in this process to regenerate NAD
NAD must be present for glycolysis to continue.

7. Oxygen Debt and Muscle Fatigue
However lactic acid in the muscles causes fatigue and an oxygen debt builds up
Repaid when exercise halts and oxygen is transported around the body.
Energy then produced by aerobic respiration
Lactic acid converts back to pyruvic acid
This is called anaerobic respiration or lactic acid metabolism
Less efficient than aerobic (comparing ATP)

8. KEY WORDS TO INCLUDE: respiration, glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
Title: Respiration
Describe briefly what you did and what the observations were
Explain:
What are the two types of respiration (equations for both)
Why is your heart rate affected by exercise?
Why is your breathing rate affected by exercise?
What happens straight after you finish exercising and why?
Why is anaerobic respiration beneficial to us?
KEY WORDS TO INCLUDE: respiration, glucose, oxygen, carbon dioxide,
Possible words: oxygen debt, lactic acid, toxic, energy, ATP NADH, creatine phosphate

9. Comparison Alley
Compare lactic acid metabolim (anaerobic) to aerobic respiration.
Aerobic Respiration
Both
Anaerobic Respiration

10. Concept Map Protein Cell Blood Carbon dioxide Lactic Acid Water ATP
Fats
Creatine phosphate
phosphorylation
Glycolysis
Oxygen
Aerobic
Anaerobic
phosphofructokinase

11. Basketball your answers around the class!
Learning Outcomes
Basketball your answers around the class!
So can you answer it?
By the end of this lesson I would like you to be
able to answer …..
What happens to the body under
vigorous exercise?

12. SQA Arrangements p26
During vigorous exercise, the muscle cells do not get sufficient oxygen to support the electron transport chain. Under these conditions, pyruvate is converted to lactic acid. This conversion involves the transfer of hydrogen from the NADH produced during glycolysis to pyruvic acid to produce lactic acid. This regenerates the NAD needed to maintain ATP production through glycolysis. Lactic acid accumulates in muscle causing fatigue. Oxygen debt repayed when exercise is complete allows respiration to provide the energy to convert lactic acid back to pyruvic acid and glucose in the liver.