1. Canadian Employment Patterns
Labour Studies 1C03 Sept 30
Canadian Employment Patterns

2. 20th Century Industry “Fordism” The family wage ideology
Scientific management / Taylorism
Human relations

3. Scientific Management
Decision making was with managers
“Scientific” methods to determine most efficient way to do a job
Detailed descriptions for each step in the job
Select the best (fastest) workers
Training workers on “efficiency”
Closely monitor performance

4. Human Capital Theory
Invest in your capital, reap the rewards

5. Key themes today Shift to services Women in the workforce
Changes in patterns of work
Technological change
Globalization/restructuring

6. Postindustrial Society
Knowledge workers
Economizing logic versus sociologizing logic

7. Source: Statistics Canada

8. Source: Basset, Penny "Declining female labour force participation." Perspectives on Labour and Income. Vol 6. No. 2

9. Source: McMullen, K "Why are the majority of university students women?" Education Matters. Vol 1. Number 5. Statistics Canada: Ottawa.

10. Gender differences in goods
Source: Statistics Canada

11. Gender differences in services
Source: Statistics Canada

12. Occupation patterns
Blue collar
White collar
Pink collar

14. Self-employment More self-employed than in US
More solo self-employed than employer-self-employed

15. Unemployment What causes it? Not demographic Not “personal” Not EI
Structural

16. Technological change
“Machinery, when considered alone, shortens the hours of labor, but, when in the service of capital, lengthens them”
Marx, K., & Engels, F. (1977). Capital: A Critique of Political Economy (B. Fowkes, Trans. Vol. 1). New York: Vintage Books.p. 568

17. Dimensions of globalization
Economic:
Internationalization of production
Harmonization of standards
Increased mobility of capital
Ideological
Trade liberalization; “deregulation”
Technological
Cultural
“universal culture”

18. Canada and Free Trade 1989 FTA 1994 NAFTA Jobs leaving
The role of the State

20. Restructuring
Recessions
Job loss
New management strategies