1. Environmental modeling application domains
an overview of environmental topics and domains
© K.Fedra 2000

2. Modeling Domains Hydrologic systems
hydrological cycle, rainfall-runoff
river flow and flooding
water distribution and allocation
reservoir operations
water quality, eutrophication,
waste allocation
groundwater systems
© K.Fedra 2000

3. Modeling Domains
hydrological cycle, rainfall-runoff
© K.Fedra 2000

4. Modeling Domains
rainfall-runoff model: describes the outflow from a catchment as a function of
basin data
(orography, soils
land cover,
drainage)
precipitation,
temperature.
© K.Fedra 2000

5. © K.Fedra 2000

6. Modeling Domains rainfall-runoff model scenario of landuse change:
forested
area 65%
© K.Fedra 2000

7. Modeling Domains rainfall-runoff model scenario of landuse change:
forested
area 0%
© K.Fedra 2000

8. Modeling Domains water distribution and allocation
dynamic network model with supply and demand nodes
© K.Fedra 2000

9. © K.Fedra 2000

10. © K.Fedra 2000

11. Modeling Domains water distribution and allocation: generic network
with geo-
referenced
nodes
© K.Fedra 2000

12. Modeling Domains water distribution and allocation:
the network editor links to the GIS data bases
© K.Fedra 2000

13. © K.Fedra 2000

14. © K.Fedra 2000

15. Modeling Domains water quality, waste allocation: a dynamic
multi-segment
model (DO-BOD)
linked to the
river network
through nodes and
reaches.
© K.Fedra 2000

16. © K.Fedra 2000

17. Coastal waters and oceans
Modeling Domains
Coastal waters and oceans
currents and energy balance (climate modeling)
coastal water quality
nutrient cycles, eutrophication
fisheries (sustainable yield)
© K.Fedra 2000

18. Modeling Domains coastal water quality: simulation of
ocean outfalls with a 2D vertically integrated
flow and
transport
particle
tracking
model
© K.Fedra 2000

19. Land surface and subsurface
Modeling Domains
Land surface and subsurface
erosion, soil processes
vegetation, land cover
groundwater (unsaturated and saturated zones, links to the hydrological domain)
© K.Fedra 2000

20. Modeling Domains groundwater modeling:
dynamic 2D (vertically integrated) flow
and transport
model (finite
element scheme)
Scenarios of
landfills and
aquifer
restoration
© K.Fedra 2000

21. The model output is yet another map layer.
© K.Fedra 2000

22. Different display styles are supported ...
© K.Fedra 2000

23. … including pseudo 3D display of functional values.
© K.Fedra 2000

24. Biological and ecological systems
Modeling Domains
Biological and ecological systems
population models, predator-prey systems, food chains
ecosystem models (multi-compartment combining physical and biological elements)
© K.Fedra 2000

25. Agriculture and Forestry
Modeling Domains
Agriculture and Forestry
agricultural production
livestock and grazing models
forest models (stands, growth, yield, deforestation and reforestation)
© K.Fedra 2000

26. Technological systems transportation energy systems industrial impacts
Modeling Domains
Technological systems
transportation
energy systems
industrial impacts
waste management
© K.Fedra 2000

27. Modeling Domains Risks and hazards floods and droughts
erosion, desertification
spills and accidental releases
epidemiological models (pests, infectious diseases)
© K.Fedra 2000

28. Modeling Domains spills and accidental releases: hazardous and toxic
gas spills:
chemical
plants or
transportation
accidents
© K.Fedra 2000

29. © K.Fedra 2000

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31. © K.Fedra 2000

32. © K.Fedra 2000

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34. © K.Fedra 2000

35. decision support systems
Modeling Domains
Management and policy models
all of the above, but containing explicit representation of control and decision variables
economic evaluation
decision support systems
© K.Fedra 2000