1. Factors Affecting Climate
Chapter 3 : Lesson 2
Factors Affecting Climate

2. Essential Question
How do winds and ocean currents affect climate?

3. What five factors affect climate?
Wind
Ocean Currents
Latitude
Elevation
Topography

4. Wind Patterns
Prevailing winds – Winds that blow in a fairly constant direction

5. Wind Patterns
Doldrums – Windless area near the Equator

6. Global Wind Currents

7. Coriolis Effect
The resulting deflection of prevailing winds caused by the earths rotation

8. Currents: cold or warm stream of seawater that flows in the oceans, generally in a circular pattern

10. Effects of Ocean Currents
Cold water currents flow south from the poles
Warm currents blow north from the Equator
Currents affect the coastal land they pass.

11. Gulf Stream

12. How does latitude affect climate?
Further from equator is colder!!!

13. How does elevation affect climate?
Elevation - distance above sea level
12,000 ft. and above are arctic climates

14. The Effects of Elevation
Air get thinner as altitude increases
Temperature drops 3.5 degrees farenheight for every 1000 feet gained in altitude
High mountains stay covered in snow year around (Even on the equator)

15. Rain Shadow Effect
Result of a process by which dry areas develop on the leeward sides of mountain ranges

16. Windward side – Side of a mountain facing the wind
Leeward side – Side of a mountain facing away from the rain, doesn’t get rain

18. El Niño
A periodic reversal of the pattern of ocean currents and water temperatures in the mid-Pacific region

19. El Nino & La Nina La Nina El Nino
Warming of the water in the Pacific Ocean
High Pressure
Every 3-7 Years
Affect on U.S.?
Heavy Rain or Drought
Cooling of the water in the Pacific Ocean
Low Pressure
Every 3-7 Years

21. Thematic Map : World Climate Regions

22. Precipitation around the World

23. Review Question:
Chapter 3 : Lesson 2
Read pages and answer Review Questions on page 68 Hand in Google Class Room.