2. Internet2: an Overview Heather Boyles Ana Preston
Director, International Relations
Ana Preston
Program Manager, International Relations
This is a general overview presentation about Internet2. Internet2 is a consortium, led by US universities, which is recreating the partnership among academia, industry and government that fostered today’s Internet in its infancy.

3. Outline Background: why and who? Focus areas and activities: what?
International partnerships: how?
Your questions……..
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4. Success of the Internet
Millions of People
Source: Nua Internet Surveys
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5. History ARPAnet origins 1987 -- NSFnet 1996 1999 Privatization in 1995
Telecomm Act
The WWW explodes
Federal Next Generation Internet Initiative
NSF provides grant funding to universities for network infrastructure
Internet2 founded
1999
Abilene in production
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6. Today’s Internet Doesn’t
Provide reliable end-to-end performance
Encourage cooperation on new capabilities
Allow testing of new technologies
Support development of revolutionary applications
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7. Internet2 Mission and Goals
Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet.
Enable new generation of applications
Create leading edge R&E network capability
Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet
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8. Internet Development Spiral
Commercialization
Privatization
Today’s Internet
This spiral represents one way of looking at the development of the Internet. As the Internet moved from a research project to a commercial service, a set of partnerships fostered its development. During this process, the Internet grew in a number of ways: size, complexity, bandwidth, etc. Internet2 is forming the partnerships needed for technologies in a second cycle of innovation make their way into the commercial Internet.
Internet2
Research and
Development
Partnerships
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Source: Ivan Moura Campos

9. Internet2 Universities 190 Universities as of January 2002
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10. Internet2 Corporate Partners
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11. Additional Membership
Over 70 Internet2 Corporate Members
Over 40 Affiliate Members
Government Research Agencies
National Institutes of Health
National Science Foundation
NASA
NOAA
USGS (Earth Resources Observations Systems)
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12. Organization Member Liaisons UCAID: not-for-profit corporation
Executive
Engineering
Applications
Middleware
UCAID: not-for-profit corporation
Staff of ~80
Large number ‘leased’ from universities
Facilitate, coordinate, provide collective infrastructure where required
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13. Leadership
University presidents/chancellors are the voting representatives
Strong board
Advisory councils with board seats
Applications Strategy
Network Planning and Policy
Network Research Liaison
Industry Liaison Council
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14. Why University Leadership?
The Internet came from the academic community
Stanford -- the Internet protocols
NSFNet -- the scaled-up Internet
CERN -- the WWW protocols
University of Illinois -- the Web browser
Universities’ research and education mission require an advanced Internet and have demonstrated they can develop it
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15. Internet2 Partnerships
Internet2 universities are recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy
Industry
Government
International
Partnerships are the foundation of how the Internet developed and they are also a part of the foundation of Internet2.
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16. Internet2/U.S. Government Separate but Interdependent
U.S. Next Generation Internet
Led by U.S. government agencies
Focused on agency needs
Internet2
Led by higher education
Focused on research and education needs
Interdependent:
Government agency funding to research, connections, applications development
Science and engineering funded projects increasingly dependent on persistent, high-performance infrastructure provided by Internet2
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17. Internet2 Goals Enable new generation of applications
Re-create leading edge R&E network capability
Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet
These are the three primary goals of Internet2.
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18. Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships
These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on.
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19. How Internet2 works Universities commit: Working groups:
Engineering lead: connect university to rest of Internet2 community, deploy new technologies
Applications lead: support apps development on campus
Middleware architect: work with I2MI to implement middleware infrastructure
Working groups:
Of expert/interested individuals within community
Chaired by volunteer (sometimes by staff)
Staff support
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20. How Internet2 works, cont’d
Projects, e.g. Abilene
Executive team and Project team
Qwest, Cicso, Nortel
Indiana University supplies NOC
Projects, e.g. Shibboleth
IBM providing coding
Designed by MACE (volunteers from community)
Supported by Staff
Internet2 Staff
Primarily facilitate, coordinate, flywheel
~80
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21. Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships
These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on.
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22. Different Disciplines/Contexts
Sciences
Arts
Humanities
Health care
Business/Law
Administration …
Library
Classroom
Clinic
Office
Laboratory
Dorm room …
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23. Application Attributes
Interactive collaboration
Real-time access to remote resources
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24. Remote Scanning Electron Microscope
The University of Michigan

25. Philips XL30
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27. Real-Time Tele-Operation of Remote Equipment North Carolina State University

28. Tele-vator Excavation backhoe operated remotely over Internet2
Used in hazardous rescue situations
Sophisticated two-way feedback using stereovision
Tele-vator is a computerized excavation backhoe that can be remotely operated over Internet2 high-performance networks. Because of its size and potential criticality of operation (e.g., in hazardous rescue situations), Tele-vator requires a high-level of sophisticated two-way feedback, including adequate depth of vision provided via high-definition stereovision. Guaranteed Quality of Service (QoS)—such as network bandwidth, latency (delay) control, and jitter (variability in delay) control—are essential to ensure the quality of the 3D image, audio, and equipment control channels required by Tele-vator’s remote operators.
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29. Space Physics and Aeronomy Research Collaboratory
University of Michigan

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32. Attributes, cont. Large-scale, multi-site computation and data mining
Shared virtual reality
Any combination of the above
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33. Grid Projects

34. What is the Grid?
Global resources available to communities of researchers
The protocols, services, and applications that enable new forms of collaboration
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35. Grid Resources Instruments Libraries Workstations People Data sets
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36. High Fidelity Digital Video/Audio
Teaching Music
University of Oklahoma
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37. Source: University of North Carolina
Video Futures
Tele-immersive “Office of the Future”
Source: University of North Carolina
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38. The Internet2 Commons
An effort to encourage and support large-scale, distributed collaboration for the research and education community
Enabling one-to-one, one-to-group, and group-to-group collaboration
Supporting personal communications, meetings, conferences, and teaching and learning
For Internet2 members and their international counterparts
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39. Other Collaborative Technologies
Data Sharing
Instant Messaging
Voice/IP
Other Collaborative Technologies
Electronic Notebooks
Peer to Peer
The Internet2 Commons
Collaboratories
Others
H.323
VRVS
Videoconferencing Technologies AG
MPEG2
Others
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40. Internet2 Commons Work Initial focus on H.323 Next move
Set of MCU equipment available to members
Training and certifying Commons Coordinators on campus
Working with VIDE on numbering/directory schema
Next move
Additional collaborative technologies (e.g. T.120)
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41. Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships
These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on.
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42. Advanced Network Services (Distributed Network Middleware)}
Applications
Authentication, Identification, Authorization, Directories, Security
Advanced Network Services (Distributed Network Middleware)
Advanced Physical Network Infrastructure
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43. Internet2 Middleware Initiative
Focus on core middleware as infrastructure
Interoperability
190 universities will never buy the same software
Getting stuff implemented
Best practices
Integrate across applications
Discourage ‘islands’ of middleware infrastructure
E.g. core middleware just for this particular grid project
Enable community to share resources
Grid, remote instruments, shared classes
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44. Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships
These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on.
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45. Engineering Scalable IP Multicast IPv6 Quality of Service
IPv6
Quality of Service
End to end at IP layer
Network Security
Measurement
End to End Performance
These are some of the new network capabilities that advanced networks will need to implement and which the Internet2 community is working on.
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46. Native Multicast
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47. Native Multicast
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48. Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships
These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on.
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49. Internet2 Network Infrastructure
Backbones operate at 2.4 Gbps (OC48) capacity today, upgrade to 10Gbps in progress
GigaPoPs provide regional high-performance aggregation points
Local campus networks provide 100 Mbps to the desktop
This is a broad generalization of the Internet2 network infrastructure.
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50. Network Architecture GigaPoP One Regional Network University C
Internet2 Backbone
Networks
GigaPoP
One
Regional Network
University C
Commercial
Internet
Connections
University B
University A
This diagram illustrates a possible ways universities access the high-performance and commercial networks
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51. Typical Internet2 University Network Connection
Internet2 Backbones (2.4 Gbps)
University Campus
University Campus
155 Mbps – 2.4 Gbps
Department
155 Mbps – 2.4 Gbps
100 Mbps
Regional Network 622 Mbps-2.4 Gbps
Lab or Classroom
155 Mbps – 2.4 Gbps
University Campus
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52. Internet2 Backbone Networks
vBNS – NSF project in cooperative agreement with MCI (now Worldcom)
Funding ended April 2001
Program extended to April 2003, but no NSF funding
Abilene – UCAID project with support of Qwest, Cisco, Nortel, Indiana University
Renewed Qwest support through 2006
Future backbones?
Discussions with various national fiber providers
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53. Internet2 Backbone Networks
This is an illustration of the (currently) two Internet2 backbone networks, the vBNS developed by MCI Worldcom and the National Science Foundation and Abilene, developed by the University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development, Qwest, Cisco and Indiana University.
Donna Cox, Robert Patterson, NCSA
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54. Abilene Network Core Map, October 2001
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55. Abilene Network Logical Map
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56. Internet2 Focus Areas Advanced Applications Middleware Engineering
Advanced Network Infrastructure
Partnerships
These are the five areas that Internet2, Internet2 members, and partner organizations are focused on.
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57. Internet2 International Goals
Ensure global interoperability
of the next generation of Internet technologies and applications
Enable global collaboration
in research and education providing/promoting the development of an advanced networking environment internationally
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58. International Partners
Build effective partnerships in other countries
With organizations of similar goals/objectives and similar constituencies
Mechanism: Memoranda of Understanding
TERENA is asterisked because they do not have a network, but focus of that MoU is collaboration in technical wg space and applications development.
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59. MoU in brief Provide/promote interconnectivity between communities
Collaborate on technology development and deployment
Facilitate collaboration between members on applications
Encourage technology transfer
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60. Internet2 International Partnership
International Task Force
Representatives of Internet2 International Partners
Meets twice per year at Internet2 Member Meetings
Cross-participation in working groups, mailing lists, projects
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61. International MoU Partners
Europe-Middle East
ARNES (Slovenia)
BELNET (Belgium)
CARNET (Croatia)
CESnet (Czech Republic)
DANTE (Europe)
DFN-Verein (Germany)
GIP RENATER (France)
GRNET (Greece)
HEAnet (Ireland)
HUNGARNET (Hungary)
INFN-GARR (Italy)
Israel-IUCC (Israel)
NORDUnet (Nordic Countries)
POL-34 (Poland)
RCCN (Portugal)
RedIRIS (Spain)
RESTENA (Luxembourg)
Stichting SURF (Netherlands)
SWITCH (Switzerland)
TERENA (Europe)
JISC, UKERNA (United Kingdom)
Asia-Pacific
AAIREP (Australia)
APAN (Asia-Pacific)
APAN-KR (Korea)
APRU (Asia-Pacific)
CERNET, CSTNET, NSFCNET (China)
JAIRC (Japan)
JUCC (Hong Kong)
NECTEC / UNINET (Thailand)
SingAREN (Singapore)
TAnet2 (Taiwan)
Americas
CANARIE (Canada)
CUDI (Mexico)
REUNA (Chile)
RETINA (Argentina)
RNP2 (Brazil)
SENACYT (Panama)
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62. Abilene International Peering
09 January 2002
Abilene International Peering
Pacific Wave
AARNET, APAN/TransPAC, CA*net3, TANET2
STAR TAP/Star Light
APAN/TransPAC, Ca*net3, CERN, CERnet, FASTnet, GEMnet, IUCC, KOREN/KREONET2, NORDUnet, RNP2, SURFnet, SingAREN, TAnet2
Sacramento
Los Angeles
Washington
NYCM
BELNET, CA*net3,
GEANT*,
HEANET, JANET,
NORDUnet
SNVA
GEMNET, SINET, SingAREN, WIDE
LOSA
UNINET
OC3-OC12
San Diego (CALREN2)
CUDI
AMPATH
ANSP, REUNA, RNP2 RETINA
El Paso (UACJ-UT El Paso)
CUDI
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* ARNES, CARNET, CESnet, DFN, GRNET, RENATER, RESTENA, SWITCH, HUNGARNET, GARR-B, POL-34, RCCN, RedIRIS

63. Abilene ITN service Transit to vBNS and non-US peers of Abilene
Example:
Peer with Abilene
Send/receive traffic to all Abilene participants, plus:
vBNS participants
All non-US network peers of Abilene (over 25)
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64. Americas Canada, U.S. and Mexico connected at multiple points
Connections via Miami to Argentina, Brazil, Chile
Building infrastructure between research and education communities
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65. Americas Connectivity (March 2002)
Country
Network
BW(mbps)
Interconnect
Canada
CA*net3
1310
S.T., Pacific Wave, NYC
Mexico
RED-CUDI
255
Tijuana-San Diego (CALREN2), Juarez/El Paso
Chile
REUNA 45
AmPATH
Brazil
RNP2
ANSP
Argentina
RETINA2
Puerto Rico
To Abilene-U.S.
Via South Florida GigaPoP
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66. CA*net http://www.canarie.ca
Calgary
Regina
Winnipeg
Ottawa
Montreal
Toronto
Halifax
St. John’s
Fredericton
Charlottetown
Chicago
Seattle
New York
Europe
CANARIE
Optical switches
GigaPOP
Thunder Bay
Prince George
CA*net 4 node
Possible future CA*net 4 node
Quebec
Windsor
Edmonton
Saskatoon
Victoria
Vancouver
Currently building CA*net4 network
Wavelength-based
Connects provincial networks
Source: Bill St. Arnaud, CANARIE
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67. Mexico http://www.cudi.edu.mx
Connecting ~30 members in Mexico at 155mbps
Connecting to U.S.:
via Tijuana – San Diego (with transit from CALREN2 to Abilene) at 155mbps
100mbps between Ciudad Juarez and El Paso
“Convenios internacionales” with CANARIE, Internet2/UCAID, CENIC and REUNA
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68. AmPATH http://ampath.fiu.edu
Florida International University with Global Crossing as primary partner
Global Crossing provides potential to connect 10 countries at 45mbps each
Service area includes: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, Panama, Peru, US Virgin Islands, Venezuela
An Internet2 international interconnection point
Facilitates peering with Abilene, other research and education networks
Open to connections from other carriers
NAP of the Americas, downtown Miami
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69. Chile http://www.reuna.cl
Iquique
Antofagasta
Copiapó
La Serena
Valparaíso
Santiago
Talca
Concepción
Temuco
Valdivia
Red Universitaria Nacional – REUNA
10 POP’s from Arica to Valdivia
155 Mbps ATM/SDH Network
Centrally operated from Santiago
REUNA3: Gigabit Backbone Project
Geographical Distribution of REUNA2 POP’s
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70. Brazil http://www.rnp.br
Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa - RNP
Connecting ~27 Brazilian states at 155 Mbps.
RNP2 – AmPATH via DS-3
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71. Argentina http://www.retina.ar
Red Teleinformática Académica
Red RETINA:
Connecting ~25 institutions
Retina2: via AMPATH
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72. More Internet2 Information
On the Web
For more information about Internet2, please see these web sites, or contact directly by .
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